MS Sample Set 7, Round 8 from NSB

Questions in Packet

TOSS-UP ess phrase

When saturated soil is shaken by an earthquake, the soil strength drops and can cause buildings to sink or collapse. What is the term for this phenomenon?

Acceptable Answers:

  • LIQUEFACTION

BONUS ess multiple_choice

Which of the following is NOT the name of a river-sea interface? W) Delta X) Estuary Y) Cenote Z) Slough

W: W) Delta

X: X) Estuary

Y: Y) Cenote

Z: Z) Slough

Answer: Y) Y) Cenote

TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

In humans, freely hanging earlobes is completely dominant to attached earlobes. If you have attached earlobes but both of your biological parents have freely hanging earlobes, then which of the following statements is true? W) At least one of your parents is homozygous for the dominant trait X) Both of your parents must be homozygous for the dominant trait Y) Neither of your parents is homozygous for the dominant trait Z) Nothing can be said about the genotype of your parents because there is not enough information

W: W) At least one of your parents is homozygous for the dominant trait

X: X) Both of your parents must be homozygous for the dominant trait

Y: Y) Neither of your parents is homozygous for the dominant trait

Z: Z) Nothing can be said about the genotype of your parents because there is not enough information

Answer: Y) Y) Neither of your parents is homozygous for the dominant trait

BONUS bio multiple_choice

Which of the following types of trees includes individuals that were saplings when the great pyramids were built and are still alive today? W) California redwood X) Bristlecone pine Y) Bald cypress Z) Norfolk pine

W: W) California redwood

X: X) Bristlecone pine

Y: Y) Bald cypress

Z: Z) Norfolk pine

Answer: X) X) Bristlecone pine

TOSS-UP math multiple_choice

If \(x/2\), \(x/5\), and \(x/7\) are whole numbers, \(x\) may be which of the following? W) 20 X) 70 Y) 100 Z) 8000

W: W) 20

X: X) 70

Y: Y) 100

Z: Z) 8000

Answer: X) X) 70

BONUS math phrase

Solve the following equation for \(x\) over the real numbers: $$\frac{1}{x^2} = 25$$

Acceptable Answers:

  • 1/5, -1/5
  • 0.2, -0.2

TOSS-UP energy phrase

A battery produces 1.5 volts. If four of these batteries are hooked up in series, what is the voltage of the circuit?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 6.0

BONUS energy multiple_choice

Given that fuel cells operate on reduction-oxidation reaction pairs, which of the following occurs during the oxidation half-reaction? W) An electron is released X) An electron is gained Y) Oxygen is created by the reaction Z) Oxygen is removed from the reaction

W: W) An electron is released

X: X) An electron is gained

Y: Y) Oxygen is created by the reaction

Z: Z) Oxygen is removed from the reaction

Answer: W) W) An electron is released

TOSS-UP phys multiple_choice

Which of the following phases of matter has atoms or molecules that assume the shape of their container and are NOT easily compressible? W) Liquid only X) Liquid and solid Y) Liquid and gas Z) Gas only

W: W) Liquid only

X: X) Liquid and solid

Y: Y) Liquid and gas

Z: Z) Gas only

Answer: W) W) Liquid only

BONUS phys phrase

On a sunny day, the inside of a vehicle will heat up while the Sun shines on it and the windows and doors are closed. To what macroscopic effect of our atmosphere is this analogous?

Acceptable Answers:

  • THE GREENHOUSE EFFECT

TOSS-UP general multiple_choice

Which of the following diseases is NOT caused by a bacteria or a virus and is usually NOT passed down in humans genetically? W) Mad cow X) Lyme Y) Shingles Z) Rabies

W: W) Mad cow

X: X) Lyme

Y: Y) Shingles

Z: Z) Rabies

Answer: W) W) Mad cow

BONUS general phrase

What respective base units are used in the International System of Units for each of the following four measurements: 1) length, 2) mass, 3) temperature, 4) time.

Acceptable Answers:

  • 1) meter; 2) kilogram; 3) kelvin; 4) second

TOSS-UP ess phrase

What is the term for topographical highs that separate one watershed, or drainage basin, from another?

Acceptable Answers:

  • DIVIDE

BONUS ess multiple_choice

If water percolating through permeable material is stopped by a lens of non-porous material, which of the following would form? W) Artesian well X) Unconfined aquifer Y) Perched aquifer Z) Aquiclude

W: W) Artesian well

X: X) Unconfined aquifer

Y: Y) Perched aquifer

Z: Z) Aquiclude

Answer: Y) Y) Perched aquifer

TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

Suppose your biological mother has blood type A and your biological father has blood type AB. Which of the following is definitely NOT your blood type? W) A X) B Y) AB Z) O

W: W) A

X: X) B

Y: Y) AB

Z: Z) O

Answer: Z) Z) O

BONUS bio phrase

Of the three taxonomic domains, there is evidence that two of these domains are more closely related when compared to the third domain. Which two domains are most closely related?

Acceptable Answers:

  • EUKARYA AND ARCHAEA
  • EUKARYOTA

TOSS-UP math phrase

What fractional part of a week is equivalent to 4 hours?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 1/42

BONUS math phrase

Factor completely over the integers: \(x^3 + 3x^2 - 4x - 12\).

Acceptable Answers:

  • (x - 2)(x + 2)(x + 3)

TOSS-UP energy multiple_choice

Given that an object falls from the top of a building, at which of the following points during its fall does it have the most kinetic energy? W) Before it starts falling X) The instant it starts falling Y) Halfway down to the ground Z) The instant before impact

W: W) Before it starts falling

X: X) The instant it starts falling

Y: Y) Halfway down to the ground

Z: Z) The instant before impact

Answer: Z) Z) The instant before impact

BONUS energy phrase

To be able to quantify the energy produced by a solar collector, the following formula is utilized: $$Q = m C_p (T_r - T_s)$$ where \(Q\) is the collector heat rate; \(m\) is the mass flowrate; \(C_p\) is the specific heat; \(T_r\) is the temperature of the liquid in the return path; and \(T_s\) is the temperature of the liquid in the supply path. Using 3000 operating hours in a year, compute the yearly heat rate production in kilojoules of a solar collector if \(m = 2\rm\ kg/h\), \(C_p = 4\ \rm kJ/(kg\,K)\), \(T_r = 425\rm\ K\), and \(T_s = 375\rm\ K\).

Acceptable Answers:

  • 1,200,000

TOSS-UP phys multiple_choice

Which of the following is a halogen? W) Boron X) Fluorine Y) Calcium Z) Tin

W: W) Boron

X: X) Fluorine

Y: Y) Calcium

Z: Z) Tin

Answer: X) X) Fluorine

BONUS phys phrase

Two capacitors, each of capacitance 2 microfarads, are connected in series. What is their effective capacitance in microfarads?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 1

TOSS-UP general multiple_choice

A flame test is conducted during which different chemical compounds are lit on fire and the resulting colors are observed. A flame that is primarily blue in color with green on the outer parts of the flame would most likely be indicative of which of the following elements in the compound? W) Copper X) Calcium Y) Strontium Z) Sodium

W: W) Copper

X: X) Calcium

Y: Y) Strontium

Z: Z) Sodium

Answer: W) W) Copper

BONUS general phrase

What is the name of the theory that explains the evolution of cell organelles in terms of the engulfment of other cells, resulting in a permanent relationship?

Acceptable Answers:

  • ENDOSYMBIOTIC THEORY
  • ENDOSYMBIOSIS

TOSS-UP ess phrase

What kind of front occurs when a cold front catches up to a preceding warm front?

Acceptable Answers:

  • OCCLUDED

BONUS ess multiple_choice

Many people buy fancy “granite” counter tops for their kitchen. However, many of these countertops are dark in color with distinctly visible crystals of grey, green and black minerals. Which of the following is the appropriate rock name for a countertop fitting this description? W) Gabbro X) Andesite Y) Granite Z) Pumice

W: W) Gabbro

X: X) Andesite

Y: Y) Granite

Z: Z) Pumice

Answer: W) W) Gabbro

TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

Which of the following animals would you have to eat in order to ingest a potentially lethal dose of tetrodotoxin? W) Snowflake eel X) King cobra Y) Puffer fish Z) Platypus

W: W) Snowflake eel

X: X) King cobra

Y: Y) Puffer fish

Z: Z) Platypus

Answer: Y) Y) Puffer fish

BONUS bio phrase

What shared trait do the following four possess: auks, moas, passenger pigeons, and Carolina parakeets?

Acceptable Answers:

  • THEY ARE EXTINCT

TOSS-UP general multiple_choice

Diamond, graphite, and fullerenes are all examples of which of the following? W) Isotopes of carbon X) Allotropes of carbon Y) Formula units of carbon Z) Compounds of carbon

W: W) Isotopes of carbon

X: X) Allotropes of carbon

Y: Y) Formula units of carbon

Z: Z) Compounds of carbon

Answer: X) X) Allotropes of carbon

BONUS general phrase

Outgassing is a process by which gases are released into the atmosphere from the Earth’s mantle. During the formation of the Earth’s early atmosphere, what was the primary means by which outgassing occurred?

Acceptable Answers:

  • VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS

TOSS-UP math multiple_choice

The price of an item was reduced by 10%, and then later reduced by 20%. The two reductions were equivalent to a single reduction of which of the following percentages? W) 15% X) 28% Y) 30% Z) 72%

W: W) 15%

X: X) 28%

Y: Y) 30%

Z: Z) 72%

Answer: X) X) 28%

BONUS math multiple_choice

If the operation “star” is defined by \(a * b = a^b - b^a\), which of the following is the largest? W) 2*5 X) 3*2 Y) 3*4 Z) 4*3

W: W) 2*5

X: X) 3*2

Y: Y) 3*4

Z: Z) 4*3

Answer: Y) Y) 3*4

TOSS-UP phys multiple_choice

Which of the following observations would show that soil has a high pH? W) When mixed with wet baking soda, it forms carbon dioxide X) It turns red litmus paper blue Y) It turns blue litmus paper red Z) It has a sour taste

W: W) When mixed with wet baking soda, it forms carbon dioxide

X: X) It turns red litmus paper blue

Y: Y) It turns blue litmus paper red

Z: Z) It has a sour taste

Answer: X) X) It turns red litmus paper blue

BONUS phys phrase

How many electrons are present in nitrogen-14, when nitrogen as atomic number 7 is in its three minus oxidation state?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 10

TOSS-UP general multiple_choice

Which of the following is NOT a method of genetic recombination in bacteria? W) Transduction of genetic material via phage X) Homologous recombination through meiosis Y) Uptake of genetic material from the environment Z) Exchange of plasmids by conjugation with other bacteria

W: W) Transduction of genetic material via phage

X: X) Homologous recombination through meiosis

Y: Y) Uptake of genetic material from the environment

Z: Z) Exchange of plasmids by conjugation with other bacteria

Answer: X) X) Homologous recombination through meiosis

BONUS general multiple_choice

Which of the following does NOT describe phospholipid functionality? W) Amphipathic X) Cell membrane component Y) Signal transduction participant Z) Enhances cell membrane fluidity

W: W) Amphipathic

X: X) Cell membrane component

Y: Y) Signal transduction participant

Z: Z) Enhances cell membrane fluidity

Answer: Z) Z) Enhances cell membrane fluidity

TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

Which of the following trees is NOT a gymnosperm? W) Cypress X) Ginkgo Y) Magnolia Z) Lodge pole pine

W: W) Cypress

X: X) Ginkgo

Y: Y) Magnolia

Z: Z) Lodge pole pine

Answer: Y) Y) Magnolia

BONUS bio phrase

In marine biology, the acronym HAB is used to describe population increases of cyanobacteria, dinoflagellates and other similar life forms. HAB stands for what phrase?

Acceptable Answers:

  • HARMFUL ALGAE BLOOM
  • HARMFUL ALGAL BLOOM

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

What atmospheric measurement is used to categorize hurricanes according to the Saffir-Simpson scale? W) Observed damage X) Precipitation amount Y) Wind speed Z) Storm surge

W: W) Observed damage

X: X) Precipitation amount

Y: Y) Wind speed

Z: Z) Storm surge

Answer: Y) Y) Wind speed

BONUS ess multiple_choice

Which of the following types of sediment deposits are formed primarily by wind processes? W) Alluvial X) Eolian Y) Lacustrine Z) Fluvial

W: W) Alluvial

X: X) Eolian

Y: Y) Lacustrine

Z: Z) Fluvial

Answer: X) X) Eolian

TOSS-UP math multiple_choice

Express the number with the following property in terms of b, y, and t: if the product of the number and b is increased by y, the result is t. W) (t – y)/b X) (y – t)/b Y) (b + y)/t Z) t – by

W: W) (t – y)/b

X: X) (y – t)/b

Y: Y) (b + y)/t

Z: Z) t – by

Answer: W) W) (t – y)/b

BONUS math phrase

What is the geometric mean of 8 and 4?

Acceptable Answers:

  • \(4\sqrt{2}\)

TOSS-UP energy phrase

A mixture of 80% water and 20% ice is held in a glass. Much later there is only 1% ice in the glass. In degrees Fahrenheit, what is the temperature of the mixture in the glass?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 32°

BONUS energy phrase

An old electric motor is 85% efficient and costs \$2.00 per hour to run. A newly designed motor of the same horsepower is 97% efficient. What is the approximate cost, to the nearest \$0.25, of running the new motor per hour?

Acceptable Answers:

  • \$1.75

TOSS-UP bio phrase

What is the name of the highly specialized oxygen-transport molecule in the blood that carbon monoxide binds with much more tightly than oxygen does?

Acceptable Answers:

  • HEMOGLOBIN

BONUS bio multiple_choice

Which of the following plant groups includes mosses, liverworts, and hornworts? W) Gymnosperm X) Pteridophyta Y) Bryophyta Z) Angiosperm

W: W) Gymnosperm

X: X) Pteridophyta

Y: Y) Bryophyta

Z: Z) Angiosperm

Answer: Y) Y) Bryophyta

TOSS-UP phys phrase

Neon has an atomic number of 10. Assuming neon is in its ground state, how many valence electrons occupy its outermost shell?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 8

BONUS phys phrase

You measure the displacement with respect to time of a block every second for 10 seconds and graph the results with time on the x-axis and displacement on the y-axis. The resultant graph shows a straight line with a slope of –2. What is the acceleration in meters per second squared of the block at time t = 5 seconds?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 0

TOSS-UP general multiple_choice

Disaccharides are sugars that are composed of two monosaccharide monomers. Which of the following types of reaction occurs during the formation of a disaccharide from two monosaccharides? W) Dehydration X) Hydrolysis Y) Double replacement Z) Single replacement

W: W) Dehydration

X: X) Hydrolysis

Y: Y) Double replacement

Z: Z) Single replacement

Answer: W) W) Dehydration

BONUS general multiple_choice

What scientist is credited with showing that all cells come from preexisting cells? W) Antony van Leeuwenhoek X) Theodor Schwann Y) Robert Hooke Z) Rudolf Virchow

W: W) Antony van Leeuwenhoek

X: X) Theodor Schwann

Y: Y) Robert Hooke

Z: Z) Rudolf Virchow

Answer: Z) Z) Rudolf Virchow