MS Sample Set 4, Round 14 from NSB

Questions in Packet

TOSS-UP phys multiple_choice

At sea level, what is the approximate atmospheric pressure at the ground in psi? W) 0.15 X) 1.5 Y) 15 Z) 150

W: W) 0.15

X: X) 1.5

Y: Y) 15

Z: Z) 150

Answer: Y) Y) 15

BONUS phys multiselect

To calculate the escape velocity for an object when it is much smaller than the larger body, name all of the following that can be neglected: 1) Drag force 2) Atmospheric pressure 3) Relative angle at which the smaller object travels

Choices:

  • Drag force
  • Atmospheric pressure
  • Relative angle at which the smaller object travels

Correct Answers:

  • 1
  • 2
  • 3

TOSS-UP bio phrase

What is the spongy, glandular organ that secretes digestive enzymes and hormones, including insulin?

Acceptable Answers:

  • PANCREAS

BONUS bio multiple_choice

Which of the following statements about pancreatic cancer is NOT true? W) Early pancreatic cancer usually does not cause symptoms X) Pancreatic cancer often remains contained within the pancreas Y) Smoking is a risk factor for pancreatic cancer Z) Pancreatic cancer is difficult to cure

W: W) Early pancreatic cancer usually does not cause symptoms

X: X) Pancreatic cancer often remains contained within the pancreas

Y: Y) Smoking is a risk factor for pancreatic cancer

Z: Z) Pancreatic cancer is difficult to cure

Answer: X) X) Pancreatic cancer often remains contained within the pancreas

TOSS-UP math multiple_choice

Which of the following can be equal to positive 4? W) \(|-3|\times|1|\) X) \(3^2\) Y) \(-\sqrt{-16}\) Z) \(\sqrt{4^2}\)

W: W) \(|-3|\times|1|\)

X: X) \(3^2\)

Y: Y) \(-\sqrt{-16}\)

Z: Z) \(\sqrt{4^2}\)

Answer: Z) Z) \(\sqrt{4^2}\)

BONUS math phrase

A triangle has an area of \(9y^2 - 9y - 10\). The base of the triangle is \(3y - 5\). In terms of \(y\), what is the height of the triangle?

Acceptable Answers:

  • \(6y + 4\)

TOSS-UP energy multiple_choice

Fuel cells produce electric currents by means of: W) Nuclear reactions X) Electro chemical reactions Y) Electrical reactions Z) Mechanical reactions

W: W) Nuclear reactions

X: X) Electro chemical reactions

Y: Y) Electrical reactions

Z: Z) Mechanical reactions

Answer: X) X) Electro chemical reactions

BONUS energy multiple_choice

What is the current approximate maximum percent efficiency fuel cells can obtain when provided with pure hydrogen? W) 13% X) 50% Y) 64% Z) 80%

W: W) 13%

X: X) 50%

Y: Y) 64%

Z: Z) 80%

Answer: Z) Z) 80%

TOSS-UP phys multiple_choice

When an object slides across a horizontal surface, kinetic friction is proportional to which of the following quantities? W) Mass of the object X) Volume of the object Y) The object’s surface area Z) The object’s potential energy

W: W) Mass of the object

X: X) Volume of the object

Y: Y) The object’s surface area

Z: Z) The object’s potential energy

Answer: W) W) Mass of the object

BONUS phys phrase

What is the name for the amount of energy it takes to change a unit mass of a solid into the same mass of liquid?

Acceptable Answers:

  • The latent heat of fusion

TOSS-UP math phrase

What inequality would be represented by a number line with an open circle at \(-3\), a closed circle at \(10\), and shading in between?

Acceptable Answers:

  • \(-3 < x \le 10\)

BONUS math phrase

On a coordinate grid, a dashed line passes through the points \((-5,0)\) and \((0,5)\), and everything is shaded beneath that line. What inequality is represented by this image?

Acceptable Answers:

  • \(y < x + 5\)

TOSS-UP bio phrase

What do we call the injection of a weakened form of a pathogen, or a similar but less dangerous pathogen, to produce immunity?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Vaccination

BONUS bio phrase

What disease was the first vaccination intended to prevent?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Smallpox

TOSS-UP energy multiple_choice

The Moon orbits the Earth due to which of the following characteristics of the Earth? W) More volume X) More density Y) Older age Z) Greater mass

W: W) More volume

X: X) More density

Y: Y) Older age

Z: Z) Greater mass

Answer: Z) Z) Greater mass

BONUS energy multiple_choice

Imagine you are playing a game on your Nintendo Wii and all of a sudden the TV and Wii turn off unexpectedly, then turn back on 5 seconds later. This indicates a power quality problem; there was a voltage: W) Swell X) Sag Y) Flicker Z) Brilliance

W: W) Swell

X: X) Sag

Y: Y) Flicker

Z: Z) Brilliance

Answer: X) X) Sag

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

Which of the following sedimentary rocks is often formed in a tropical ocean? W) Sandstone X) Limestone Y) Breccia Z) Shale

W: W) Sandstone

X: X) Limestone

Y: Y) Breccia

Z: Z) Shale

Answer: X) X) Limestone

BONUS ess multiple_choice

Which of the following types of physical weathering is referred to as onion skin weathering, where concentric shells of weathered material form around a rock? W) Freeze/thaw X) Exfoliation Y) Unloading Z) Thermal expansion

W: W) Freeze/thaw

X: X) Exfoliation

Y: Y) Unloading

Z: Z) Thermal expansion

Answer: X) X) Exfoliation

TOSS-UP math phrase

What is the degree of the polynomial function \(f(x)=7\)?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 0

BONUS math multiple_choice

A 10-foot ladder leaned against a wall reaches a window. If the base of the ladder is 3 feet from the wall, how high up is the window? W) Between 6 and 7 feet X) Between 7 and 8 feet Y) Between 8 and 9 feet Z) Between 9 and 10 feet

W: W) Between 6 and 7 feet

X: X) Between 7 and 8 feet

Y: Y) Between 8 and 9 feet

Z: Z) Between 9 and 10 feet

Answer: Z) Z) Between 9 and 10 feet

TOSS-UP bio phrase

What is the most abundant molecule in a human cell?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Water

BONUS bio multiple_choice

In which of the following parts of the kidney does filtration occur? W) Renal corpuscle X) Tubule Y) Collecting duct Z) Dendrites

W: W) Renal corpuscle

X: X) Tubule

Y: Y) Collecting duct

Z: Z) Dendrites

Answer: W) W) Renal corpuscle

TOSS-UP general phrase

Alpha decay occurs when an atom emits an alpha particle. What is an alpha particle?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 2 protons and 2 neutrons
  • Helium nucleus

BONUS general order

Arrange the following types of radiation in order from lowest to highest frequency: visible light; ultraviolet radiation; radio waves; infrared radiation.

Choices:

  • Visible light
  • Ultraviolet radiation
  • Radio waves
  • Infrared radiation

Correct Order:

  • 3
  • 4
  • 1
  • 2

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

Which of the following statements about heating air is true? W) Air over land is heated faster than air over water at the same location X) Air over a light colored sandy beach is heated to a higher temperature than air over the black asphalted parking lot Y) Air over water is heated faster than air over land at the same location Z) Air over ice is heated faster than air over water at the same location

W: W) Air over land is heated faster than air over water at the same location

X: X) Air over a light colored sandy beach is heated to a higher temperature than air over the black asphalted parking lot

Y: Y) Air over water is heated faster than air over land at the same location

Z: Z) Air over ice is heated faster than air over water at the same location

Answer: W) W) Air over land is heated faster than air over water at the same location

BONUS ess multiple_choice

You experience an ocean breeze when you stand on the beach on a summer afternoon because: W) Wind always comes into land off the water because air moves more over the ocean X) Air currents are stronger over land Y) Air over land is heated more, causing it to rise and make room for the cooler ocean air Z) Air over water is heated during the day, rises, and then flows inland to the land, where the air is cooler

W: W) Wind always comes into land off the water because air moves more over the ocean

X: X) Air currents are stronger over land

Y: Y) Air over land is heated more, causing it to rise and make room for the cooler ocean air

Z: Z) Air over water is heated during the day, rises, and then flows inland to the land, where the air is cooler

Answer: Y) Y) Air over land is heated more, causing it to rise and make room for the cooler ocean air

TOSS-UP math phrase

What is the fourth root of \(3^4\)?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 3

DO NOT ACCEPT:

  • –3

BONUS math phrase

If \(n\) is positive, write the following in standard polynomial form: \((5n^2 - 500)\div(n + 10)\).

Acceptable Answers:

  • \(5n - 50\)

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

Glaciers can have quite an effect on Earth’s surface. They can: W) Stop volcanoes from erupting X) Carve away rock from mountains Y) Sink to the bottom of the ocean then grow until they reach the surface Z) Create new mountain ranges

W: W) Stop volcanoes from erupting

X: X) Carve away rock from mountains

Y: Y) Sink to the bottom of the ocean then grow until they reach the surface

Z: Z) Create new mountain ranges

Answer: X) X) Carve away rock from mountains

BONUS ess multiple_choice

Which of the following statements is true about glaciers? W) Glaciers are generally full of rocks and sediments and can move these objects far from their sources X) When a glacier retreats, it moves backwards Y) Humans did not exist when glaciers were covering much of North America Z) There is more glacial ice today than there has been in the past 100 years

W: W) Glaciers are generally full of rocks and sediments and can move these objects far from their sources

X: X) When a glacier retreats, it moves backwards

Y: Y) Humans did not exist when glaciers were covering much of North America

Z: Z) There is more glacial ice today than there has been in the past 100 years

Answer: W) W) Glaciers are generally full of rocks and sediments and can move these objects far from their sources

TOSS-UP phys multiple_choice

Amy is pulling a heavy cart. It is harder to start pulling the cart than to keep the cart in motion, because kinetic friction: W) Has decreased X) Is zero once the cart is moving Y) Is only present when the cart is first pulled Z) Is less than static friction

W: W) Has decreased

X: X) Is zero once the cart is moving

Y: Y) Is only present when the cart is first pulled

Z: Z) Is less than static friction

Answer: Z) Z) Is less than static friction

BONUS phys multiple_choice

Which of the following forms of electromagnetic radiation has the highest energy? W) Infrared X) Long UV Y) Gamma rays Z) Short UV

W: W) Infrared

X: X) Long UV

Y: Y) Gamma rays

Z: Z) Short UV

Answer: Y) Y) Gamma rays

TOSS-UP general phrase

What is the name of our current geologic epoch?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Holocene

BONUS general multiple_choice

Which of the following relative dating principles relies on fossils for dating? W) Original horizontality X) Lateral continuity Y) Faunal succession Z) Cross-cutting relationships

W: W) Original horizontality

X: X) Lateral continuity

Y: Y) Faunal succession

Z: Z) Cross-cutting relationships

Answer: Y) Y) Faunal succession

TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

All of the following cells undergo mitosis EXCEPT: W) Epidermal cells X) Red blood cells Y) Kidney cells Z) Pancreatic cells

W: W) Epidermal cells

X: X) Red blood cells

Y: Y) Kidney cells

Z: Z) Pancreatic cells

Answer: X) X) Red blood cells

BONUS bio multiple_choice

Which of the following cell types undergo meiosis? W) Primary spermatocyte X) Epidermal cells Y) Kidney cells Z) Liver cells

W: W) Primary spermatocyte

X: X) Epidermal cells

Y: Y) Kidney cells

Z: Z) Liver cells

Answer: W) W) Primary spermatocyte

TOSS-UP ess phrase

Two planets of the same mass are orbiting around the same star. Planet A is three times as far away from the star as Planet B. How does the star’s gravitational force on Planet A compare to the gravitational force on Planet B?

Acceptable Answers:

  • \(1/9\)

DO NOT ACCEPT:

  • 9 times less

BONUS ess multiple_choice

The radius of Planet C is close to half that of Earth, and both have the same average density. Compared to Earth’s gravitational acceleration at the surface, approximately what will Planet C’s gravity be at its surface? W) \(4g\) X) \(g/4\) Y) \(g\) Z) \(g/2\)

W: W) \(4g\)

X: X) \(g/4\)

Y: Y) \(g\)

Z: Z) \(g/2\)

Answer: Z) Z) \(g/2\)

TOSS-UP general multiple_choice

Which of the following animals do not belong to the phylum of animals called echinoderms? W) Jellyfish X) Sea cucumbers Y) Sea lilies Z) Sea stars

W: W) Jellyfish

X: X) Sea cucumbers

Y: Y) Sea lilies

Z: Z) Sea stars

Answer: W) W) Jellyfish

BONUS general phrase

To which phylum do jellyfish currently belong?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Cnidaria

DO NOT ACCEPT:

  • Coelenterata

TOSS-UP energy multiple_choice

A resonant circuit has a combination of resistors, capacitors and inductors. It is possible to have the inductor and capacitor continuously charge and discharge and create a: W) Regulator X) Alternator Y) Rectifier Z) Oscillator

W: W) Regulator

X: X) Alternator

Y: Y) Rectifier

Z: Z) Oscillator

Answer: Z) Z) Oscillator

BONUS energy multiple_choice

Which of the following is true of a step-down transformer? W) The number of turns in the primary coil is less than the number of turns in the secondary coil X) The number of turns in the primary and secondary coils are the same Y) The number of turns in the primary coil is greater than the number of turns in the secondary coil Z) The action of a step-down transformer does not depend on the number of turns in the primary and secondary coils

W: W) The number of turns in the primary coil is less than the number of turns in the secondary coil

X: X) The number of turns in the primary and secondary coils are the same

Y: Y) The number of turns in the primary coil is greater than the number of turns in the secondary coil

Z: Z) The action of a step-down transformer does not depend on the number of turns in the primary and secondary coils

Answer: Y) Y) The number of turns in the primary coil is greater than the number of turns in the secondary coil

TOSS-UP general phrase

What is the outer part of the Sun’s atmosphere called?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Corona

BONUS general multiple_choice

Which of the following statements is NOT true about the solar wind? W) It escapes the Sun primarily though sun spots X) It is comprised of high-speed charged particles constantly blowing off of the Sun Y) It blows at a speed of about one million miles per hour Z) It can produce storms in the Earth’s magnetosphere

W: W) It escapes the Sun primarily though sun spots

X: X) It is comprised of high-speed charged particles constantly blowing off of the Sun

Y: Y) It blows at a speed of about one million miles per hour

Z: Z) It can produce storms in the Earth’s magnetosphere

Answer: W) W) It escapes the Sun primarily though sun spots

TOSS-UP phys multiple_choice

Which of the following elements exists as a diatomic molecule in its lowest energy state? W) Beryllium X) Boron Y) Carbon Z) Nitrogen

W: W) Beryllium

X: X) Boron

Y: Y) Carbon

Z: Z) Nitrogen

Answer: Z) Z) Nitrogen

BONUS phys multiple_choice

Which of the following is a metalloid? W) Beryllium X) Nitrogen Y) Carbon Z) Silicon

W: W) Beryllium

X: X) Nitrogen

Y: Y) Carbon

Z: Z) Silicon

Answer: Z) Z) Silicon

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

As water freezes it often supercools, which means that it: W) Remains liquid below the freezing point X) Cools very quickly Y) Rapidly cools the surrounding environment Z) Becomes a solid above the freezing point

W: W) Remains liquid below the freezing point

X: X) Cools very quickly

Y: Y) Rapidly cools the surrounding environment

Z: Z) Becomes a solid above the freezing point

Answer: W) W) Remains liquid below the freezing point

BONUS ess multiple_choice

As water begins changing phase from liquid to solid, what is happening with the energy of the system, including the ice and the surrounding water? W) No energy is being exchanged X) Energy from the forming ice is given off to the surrounding water Y) Energy from the surrounding water is given off to the forming ice Z) The whole system loses energy rapidly, becoming supercooled

W: W) No energy is being exchanged

X: X) Energy from the forming ice is given off to the surrounding water

Y: Y) Energy from the surrounding water is given off to the forming ice

Z: Z) The whole system loses energy rapidly, becoming supercooled

Answer: X) X) Energy from the forming ice is given off to the surrounding water

TOSS-UP math multiple_choice

Which of the following is a polynomial? W) \(a^2 - \tfrac{4}{a} + 3\) X) \(3a^2 - a^{-2} + 1\) Y) \(15a^2 - a^{1.5} - 3\) Z) \(a^3\)

W: W) \(a^2 - \tfrac{4}{a} + 3\)

X: X) \(3a^2 - a^{-2} + 1\)

Y: Y) \(15a^2 - a^{1.5} - 3\)

Z: Z) \(a^3\)

Answer: Z) Z) \(a^3\)

BONUS math phrase

What is the equation of the line, in slope-intercept form, which passes through the points \((-3,2)\) and \((-5,6)\)?

Acceptable Answers:

  • \(y = -2x - 4\)