HS Sample Set 5, Round 2 from NSB
Which of the following most accurately describes the dominant air mass over Nebraska in January? W) Cold, dry, continental X) Cold, humid, maritime Y) Warm, dry, continental Z) Cold, humid, aquatic
W: W) Cold, dry, continental
X: X) Cold, humid, maritime
Y: Y) Warm, dry, continental
Z: Z) Cold, humid, aquatic
Answer: W) W) Cold, dry, continental
By name or number, put the following four choices in chronological order from earliest to most recent: 1) occurrence of humans; 2) existence of Pangaea; 3) formation of the Great Lakes; 4) extinction of the dinosaurs.
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Turbulent flow is more likely to occur under conditions where Reynolds numbers are high. Under these conditions, what forces are dominant in the system's fluid?
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A 10-meter long cannon is pointed directly up and launches a 1-kilogram cannon ball. The cannon ball is accelerated up the length of the cannon with a constant force of 13.2 newtons due to the explosion. Given \(g = 10\ \mathrm{m/s^2}\) and assuming no energy loss due to friction, what is the velocity, in meters per second, of the cannon ball as it leaves the cannon?
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Which of the following BEST describes what happens to continental crust as glaciers melt and retreat? W) Springs fill in low-lying regions left behind X) The crust remains deformed, leaving large synclines Y) The crust isostatically rebounds Z) There is no impact on the crust
W: W) Springs fill in low-lying regions left behind
X: X) The crust remains deformed, leaving large synclines
Y: Y) The crust isostatically rebounds
Z: Z) There is no impact on the crust
Answer: Y) Y) The crust isostatically rebounds
Sinkholes, disappearing streams, and caves are found in which of the following types of regions? W) Marshes X) Glaciated alpine Y) Outwash plains Z) Karst topography
W: W) Marshes
X: X) Glaciated alpine
Y: Y) Outwash plains
Z: Z) Karst topography
Answer: Z) Z) Karst topography
What is the term for the liquid, consisting of precipitation and waste decomposition, that has been filtered through a landfill?
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What is the name of an energy storage technology in which electrical energy is stored by accelerating a rotor, maintaining the energy in the system as rotational energy?
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Wolves are introduced to an island populated with white-tailed deer. After several generations, the average sprint speed of the deer increased significantly relative to the wolf introduction period. In evolutionary terms, of which of the following kinds of selection is this an example? W) Disruptive X) Stabilizing Y) Directional Z) Kin
W: W) Disruptive
X: X) Stabilizing
Y: Y) Directional
Z: Z) Kin
Answer: Y) Y) Directional
What is the name of the major excretory organ found in insects?
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What is the multiplicative identity of the complex numbers in standard \(a + bi\) form?
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Factor the following polynomial completely over the real numbers: \(x^3 + 3x^2 - 5x - 15\).
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In insects, larval imaginal discs typically produce all of the following adult structures, EXCEPT: W) Legs X) Wings Y) Abdomens Z) Antennae
W: W) Legs
X: X) Wings
Y: Y) Abdomens
Z: Z) Antennae
Answer: Y) Y) Abdomens
A plant has both megasporangiate and microsporangiate flowers on the same plant. Indicate the term that describes this type of plant.
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What element is the primary component of most photovoltaic cells?
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What do we call the point in time when the maximum rate of global petroleum extraction is reached, after which the rate of production declines?
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If we double the voltage in a simple DC circuit and reduce the resistance by half, what will happen to the value of the current?
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By name or number, identify all of the following three choices that are apparent differences between a muon and an electron: 1) mass; 2) electric charge; 3) half life.
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Which of the following is a model of enzyme action? W) Induced fit X) Lipid bilayer Y) Activator action Z) Active site
W: W) Induced fit
X: X) Lipid bilayer
Y: Y) Activator action
Z: Z) Active site
Answer: W) W) Induced fit
Which of the following is the primary determinant of secondary protein structure? W) Hydrogen bonding X) Amino acid sequence Y) Protein free energy Z) Global energy minimum
W: W) Hydrogen bonding
X: X) Amino acid sequence
Y: Y) Protein free energy
Z: Z) Global energy minimum
Answer: W) W) Hydrogen bonding
What is the exponent of 5 in the prime factorization of 325?
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For which real values of \(x\) does the series \[ \sum_{n=0}^{\infty} \frac{x^n}{n!} \] converge?
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A pure element when mixed with an ionic compound is most likely to undergo which of the following kinds of reactions? W) Single replacement X) Double replacement Y) Synthesis Z) Combustion
W: W) Single replacement
X: X) Double replacement
Y: Y) Synthesis
Z: Z) Combustion
Answer: W) W) Single replacement
Which of the following is an alternative name for 1,3-xylene? W) Ortho-xylene X) Meta-xylene Y) Para-xylene Z) Cis-xylene
W: W) Ortho-xylene
X: X) Meta-xylene
Y: Y) Para-xylene
Z: Z) Cis-xylene
Answer: X) X) Meta-xylene
According to data from the Voyager I and II spacecrafts, at what range, in astronomical units, is the heliopause from the Sun? W) 0 to 100 X) 100 to 200 Y) 200 to 300 Z) 300 to 400
W: W) 0 to 100
X: X) 100 to 200
Y: Y) 200 to 300
Z: Z) 300 to 400
Answer: X) X) 100 to 200
By name or number, identify all of the following four formations that were caused by subduction: 1) Cascade Mountains; 2) North American craton; 3) Hawaiian Islands; 4) folded Himalayan mountains.
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Specifying the sign, what is the oxidation state of nitrogen in the neutral compound iron(II) nitrate?
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When calcium chloride is dissolved in water, its van’t Hoff factor would be closest to what whole number?
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What is the term for the process of securing carbon from the environment by incorporating it into a stable organic compound?
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The energy investment phase of glycolysis results in the formation of which triose sugar?
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When the change of enthalpy of a reaction is negative and the change of entropy of the same reaction is positive, the reaction is which of the following? W) Always spontaneous X) Spontaneous only under high temperature conditions Y) Spontaneous only under low temperature conditions Z) Never spontaneous
W: W) Always spontaneous
X: X) Spontaneous only under high temperature conditions
Y: Y) Spontaneous only under low temperature conditions
Z: Z) Never spontaneous
Answer: W) W) Always spontaneous
By name or number, identify all of the following four diatomic molecules whose bond strength would decrease after the removal of an electron to form a positively charged ion: 1) H₂; 2) B₂; 3) ClBr; 4) OF.
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Which of the following decreases when 5 is subtracted from each item of a data set? W) Standard deviation X) Range Y) Mean Z) Variance
W: W) Standard deviation
X: X) Range
Y: Y) Mean
Z: Z) Variance
Answer: Y) Y) Mean
Providing your answer as an improper fraction in simplest form in terms of \(\pi\), what is the volume of the solid generated when the area bounded by \[ y = x^3,\quad x = 2,\quad\text{and the x-axis} \] is revolved around the x-axis?
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What is the frequency, in megahertz, of a wave of period \(2\times10^{-8}\) seconds?
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Given that the heat of fusion of water is 80 kilocalories per kilogram, what is the change in entropy per kilogram, in kilocalories per Kelvin, when ice at 0 °C is converted into water at 0 °C? (Answer to nearest hundredth.)
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Which specific region of the human brainstem regulates heart rate?
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Which of the following plants is NOT a succulent? W) Cactus X) Eucalyptus Y) Aloe Z) Yucca
W: W) Cactus
X: X) Eucalyptus
Y: Y) Aloe
Z: Z) Yucca
Answer: X) X) Eucalyptus
What do we call a liquid that has been heated to a temperature beyond its boiling point?
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By name or number, identify all of the following five elements that can form compounds with an expanded octet: 1) beryllium; 2) oxygen; 3) phosphorus; 4) fluorine; 5) xenon.
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An electron is released in space in an electric field. Which of the following statements is TRUE? W) The electron will accelerate at a rate directly proportional to its mass X) The electron will move parallel to the equipotential lines Y) The field will do work on the particle Z) The electron will move from positive to negative potential
W: W) The electron will accelerate at a rate directly proportional to its mass
X: X) The electron will move parallel to the equipotential lines
Y: Y) The field will do work on the particle
Z: Z) The electron will move from positive to negative potential
Answer: Y) Y) The field will do work on the particle
A planet orbits a star in an elliptical orbit. When the planet is furthest from the star, which of the following statements is true? W) The angular momentum of the planet is at a maximum X) The angular momentum of the planet is at a minimum Y) The kinetic energy of the planet is at a minimum Z) The kinetic energy of the planet is at a maximum
W: W) The angular momentum of the planet is at a maximum
X: X) The angular momentum of the planet is at a minimum
Y: Y) The kinetic energy of the planet is at a minimum
Z: Z) The kinetic energy of the planet is at a maximum
Answer: Y) Y) The kinetic energy of the planet is at a minimum
Why are there so many more land fossils than marine fossils in early Mesozoic rocks? W) Less continental mass existed then X) Shorelines were inundated with terrigenous sediment from mountains Y) Shallow seas were abundant Z) More continental mass existed then
W: W) Less continental mass existed then
X: X) Shorelines were inundated with terrigenous sediment from mountains
Y: Y) Shallow seas were abundant
Z: Z) More continental mass existed then
Answer: X) X) Shorelines were inundated with terrigenous sediment from mountains
By name or number, identify all of the following four life forms that are NOT a part of the Paleozoic rock record: 1) arthropods; 2) brachiopods; 3) cephalopods; 4) sauropods.
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Which two mathematicians are generally credited with the invention of calculus?
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Which of the following 2×2 matrices is equivalent to a clockwise rotation of 90 degrees? W) \(\begin{pmatrix}0 & -1\\1 & 0\end{pmatrix}\) X) \(\begin{pmatrix}0 & 1\\-1 & 0\end{pmatrix}\) Y) \(\begin{pmatrix}0 & -1\\-1 & 0\end{pmatrix}\) Z) \(\begin{pmatrix}0 & 1\\1 & 0\end{pmatrix}\)
W: W) \(\begin{pmatrix}0 & -1\\1 & 0\end{pmatrix}\)
X: X) \(\begin{pmatrix}0 & 1\\-1 & 0\end{pmatrix}\)
Y: Y) \(\begin{pmatrix}0 & -1\\-1 & 0\end{pmatrix}\)
Z: Z) \(\begin{pmatrix}0 & 1\\1 & 0\end{pmatrix}\)
Answer: X) X) \(\begin{pmatrix}0 & 1\\-1 & 0\end{pmatrix}\)
What is the SI unit of magnetic flux?
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By name or number, rank the following four countries in annual geothermal energy generation as a percentage of total domestic energy production from least to greatest: 1) Kenya; 2) United States; 3) Mexico; 4) Iceland.
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If \(a = \cos(x)\), what is \(\cos(2x)\) in terms of \(a\)?
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A triangular prism has a base that is an equilateral triangle with sides of length \(x\). If the height of the prism is \(x\), express the volume of the prism in terms of \(x\).
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