HS Sample Set 4, Round 2 from NSB
Two or more structures are said to be homologous if they are alike because of shared ancestry. Ovaries and testes share a developmental ancestry, meaning that the structures arose from the same tissue in what physical stage of human life?
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All Homo sapiens are thought to share a common matrilineage. What genetic information has been used as key evidence for this shared matrilineage? W) Mitochondrial DNA X) Nuclear DNA Y) Plasma membranes Z) Cytoplasmic tRNA
W: W) Mitochondrial DNA
X: X) Nuclear DNA
Y: Y) Plasma membranes
Z: Z) Cytoplasmic tRNA
Answer: W) W) Mitochondrial DNA
Given a standard deck of 52 cards, what is the probability, expressed as a fraction in lowest terms, that the first card dealt is a heart?
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An ichthyologist wants to know the fish population of a pond. She catches 60 fish, tags them, and releases them. Two weeks later, she catches 50 fish and 7 of them have tags. Based on the data, what is the best estimate of the fish population of the pond? Round your answer to the nearest hundred.
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In which of the following sedimentary environments would a dominantly organic sedimentary rock most likely be formed? W) Shallow marine X) Deep ocean Y) Wind-blown desert Z) Glacial outwash plain
W: W) Shallow marine
X: X) Deep ocean
Y: Y) Wind-blown desert
Z: Z) Glacial outwash plain
Answer: W) W) Shallow marine
A high-energy river environment will most likely create which of the following deposits: W) Laminar silt beds X) Course-grained, angular cross bedding Y) Poorly sorted beds with no structure Z) Well rounded gravels
W: W) Laminar silt beds
X: X) Course-grained, angular cross bedding
Y: Y) Poorly sorted beds with no structure
Z: Z) Well rounded gravels
Answer: Z) Z) Well rounded gravels
What do we call a mathematical object that possesses both magnitude and direction?
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If b is a negative vector of a given vector a, then how do b and a compare? W) a has a smaller magnitude than b X) b has a smaller magnitude than a Y) b has the same magnitude as a, applied in the opposite direction Z) b has a larger magnitude than a, applied in the opposite direction
W: W) a has a smaller magnitude than b
X: X) b has a smaller magnitude than a
Y: Y) b has the same magnitude as a, applied in the opposite direction
Z: Z) b has a larger magnitude than a, applied in the opposite direction
Answer: Y) Y) b has the same magnitude as a, applied in the opposite direction
What letter designates the lowest energy subshell in any shell?
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Identify the scientist who proposed the existence of energy levels for the electrons in an atom.
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What causes low-pressure weather systems, such as tropical cyclones, to spin counter-clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and clockwise in the Southern Hemisphere?
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Billions of tiny ice crystals rub together to produce electron imbalances within storm clouds. What do we see when electrons arc to another cloud or to the ground?
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Which of the following minerals could be mined to create electrical wiring? W) Chalcopyrite X) Limestone Y) Galena Z) Gypsum
W: W) Chalcopyrite
X: X) Limestone
Y: Y) Galena
Z: Z) Gypsum
Answer: W) W) Chalcopyrite
Which of the following is the most abundant mineral group found in the Earth's crust? W) Carbonates X) Oxides Y) Sulfides Z) Silicates
W: W) Carbonates
X: X) Oxides
Y: Y) Sulfides
Z: Z) Silicates
Answer: Z) Z) Silicates
Most shelled organisms in the ocean make their shells out of calcium carbonate. What effect would increasing ocean acidity have on the shells of these organisms?
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In the 1960s, a group of bacteria were discovered with magnetic crystals in a specialized organelle. It is believed that these bacteria used the crystals to help them align with what natural phenomenon?
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Which of the following is a common ion? W) Na2+ X) Al3+ Y) B2+ Z) Kr2+
W: W) Na2+
X: X) Al3+
Y: Y) B2+
Z: Z) Kr2+
Answer: X) X) Al3+
Which of the following has an electron configuration of 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6? W) Sodium ion X) Chlorine Y) Neon Z) Calcium ion
W: W) Sodium ion
X: X) Chlorine
Y: Y) Neon
Z: Z) Calcium ion
Answer: Z) Z) Calcium ion
In humans, where does the organ responsible for balance reside? W) Inner ear X) Middle ear Y) Outer ear Z) Hypothalamus
W: W) Inner ear
X: X) Middle ear
Y: Y) Outer ear
Z: Z) Hypothalamus
Answer: W) W) Inner ear
What is a common name for adipose tissue?
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What is the term that describes the separation of visible light into its component colors by a prism?
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Which of the following colors of light has the most energy? W) Yellow X) Red Y) Green Z) Violet
W: W) Yellow
X: X) Red
Y: Y) Green
Z: Z) Violet
Answer: Z) Z) Violet
Which of the following is NOT considered a component of the modern theory of ice ages? W) The Earth wobbles on its axis X) The tilt of the Earth varies Y) Plate tectonics causes Earth's equator to change location Z) The Earth's orbit around the Sun varies
W: W) The Earth wobbles on its axis
X: X) The tilt of the Earth varies
Y: Y) Plate tectonics causes Earth's equator to change location
Z: Z) The Earth's orbit around the Sun varies
Answer: Y) Y) Plate tectonics causes Earth's equator to change location
Isostatic rebound following the end of the most recent ice age caused which of the following? W) Localized sea level rise X) Localized sea level drop Y) Mountain formation in the eastern part of the U.S. Z) Volcanism in Southern Mexico
W: W) Localized sea level rise
X: X) Localized sea level drop
Y: Y) Mountain formation in the eastern part of the U.S.
Z: Z) Volcanism in Southern Mexico
Answer: X) X) Localized sea level drop
The point (1, 2) is reflected across the x axis. What are the coordinates of its image?
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A viper had a length of 30 centimeters at 6 months of age and a length of 1.3 meters at 15 years old. Assuming that its growth was linear, which of the following is closest to its length in meters at 10 years old? W) 0.6 X) 0.8 Y) 1 Z) 1.2
W: W) 0.6
X: X) 0.8
Y: Y) 1
Z: Z) 1.2
Answer: Y) Y) 1
What characteristic has made angiosperms so successful during the last 140 million years? W) They are very tall, outcompeting other plants for sunlight X) They have flowers to attract pollinators Y) They are thorny to deter herbivores from consuming them Z) They are the only plants that can reproduce asexually
W: W) They are very tall, outcompeting other plants for sunlight
X: X) They have flowers to attract pollinators
Y: Y) They are thorny to deter herbivores from consuming them
Z: Z) They are the only plants that can reproduce asexually
Answer: X) X) They have flowers to attract pollinators
Fruits primarily function in order to entice animals to eat them. In what way does this benefit the fruiting plant? W) Animals disperse the seeds X) Animals pollinate while eating the fruits Y) Animals eat the fruit instead of other parts of the plant Z) There is no benefit to the plant
W: W) Animals disperse the seeds
X: X) Animals pollinate while eating the fruits
Y: Y) Animals eat the fruit instead of other parts of the plant
Z: Z) There is no benefit to the plant
Answer: W) W) Animals disperse the seeds
Which of the following is true about the alpha particle? W) It is a hydrogen atom X) It was discovered by J.J. Thomson Y) It was used by Ernest Rutherford in experiments relating to the nucleus of the atom Z) It is purely electromagnetic radiation
W: W) It is a hydrogen atom
X: X) It was discovered by J.J. Thomson
Y: Y) It was used by Ernest Rutherford in experiments relating to the nucleus of the atom
Z: Z) It is purely electromagnetic radiation
Answer: Y) Y) It was used by Ernest Rutherford in experiments relating to the nucleus of the atom
What term best describes the type of reaction that converts uranium in the soil to radon? W) Acid-base X) Fusion Y) Electromagnetic radiation Z) Radioactive decay
W: W) Acid-base
X: X) Fusion
Y: Y) Electromagnetic radiation
Z: Z) Radioactive decay
Answer: Z) Z) Radioactive decay
A child is holding a string with a yo-yo dangling at the bottom of it. As the child yanks the string up, the tension in the string will: W) Decrease X) Increase Y) Stay the same Z) Become negative
W: W) Decrease
X: X) Increase
Y: Y) Stay the same
Z: Z) Become negative
Answer: X) X) Increase
When a girl wearing roller blades throws a ball in front of her, she slides backwards. Her movement is an illustration of which of Newton’s Laws of Motion?
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What is the process that best describes the transfer of electrons from one atom to another through electrostatic attraction? W) Ionic bonding X) Repulsion Y) Nuclear force Z) Covalent bonding
W: W) Ionic bonding
X: X) Repulsion
Y: Y) Nuclear force
Z: Z) Covalent bonding
Answer: W) W) Ionic bonding
The force between two electrically charged objects can be changed by altering what two quantities?
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If $$8x^3 - 4y = -16x$$, express $$y$$ as a function of $$x$$ in simplest form.
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Solve the quadratic equation $$3x^2 + 2x - 8 = 0$$. W) x = 2 or −4 X) x = 8 or −12 Y) x = −2 or 4/3 Z) x = 8 or −4/3
W: W) x = 2 or −4
X: X) x = 8 or −12
Y: Y) x = −2 or 4/3
Z: Z) x = 8 or −4/3
Answer: Y) Y) x = −2 or 4/3
What kind of potential energy is stored in the reservoir behind a dam?
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Which of the following is NOT a significant limitation to the further development of U.S. hydropower? W) Availability of sites for new large hydro facilities X) Regulatory requirements Y) Maintenance costs Z) Environmental concerns
W: W) Availability of sites for new large hydro facilities
X: X) Regulatory requirements
Y: Y) Maintenance costs
Z: Z) Environmental concerns
Answer: Y) Y) Maintenance costs
In what year did astronauts first land on the Moon?
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NASA’s Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter, which reached lunar orbit in June of 2009, has gathered digital information about the moon. Which of the following has NOT been observed by LRO? W) The far side of the moon is rougher and has more craters than the near side X) Cliffs in the lunar crust indicate that the moon has expanded in the recent past Y) Astronaut landing sites Z) Lunar rilles, which look like river channels
W: W) The far side of the moon is rougher and has more craters than the near side
X: X) Cliffs in the lunar crust indicate that the moon has expanded in the recent past
Y: Y) Astronaut landing sites
Z: Z) Lunar rilles, which look like river channels
Answer: X) X) Cliffs in the lunar crust indicate that the moon has expanded in the recent past
Providing your answer to the nearest degree, what is absolute zero in degrees Celsius?
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When air in a closed system is heated, what does it do?
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Which of the following devices stores electrical energy in chemical form in order to release it slowly through a circuit? W) Inductor X) Resistor Y) Capacitor Z) Battery
W: W) Inductor
X: X) Resistor
Y: Y) Capacitor
Z: Z) Battery
Answer: Z) Z) Battery
Which of the following types of battery is most commonly used in automobiles? W) Lithium-ion X) Nickel Cadmium Y) Lead-acid Z) Zinc chloride
W: W) Lithium-ion
X: X) Nickel Cadmium
Y: Y) Lead-acid
Z: Z) Zinc chloride
Answer: Y) Y) Lead-acid
Determine the slope of the line that has the equation: $$y - 14 = 7(x + 2) - 5$$.
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Line 1 and line 2 are parallel. If line 1 contains the points (6, 13) and (4, 11) and line 2 contains the point (8, 20), determine which of the following points lies on line 2. W) (12, 15) X) (18, 10) Y) (10, −12) Z) (14, 26)
W: W) (12, 15)
X: X) (18, 10)
Y: Y) (10, −12)
Z: Z) (14, 26)
Answer: Z) Z) (14, 26)
Which of the following is a renewable resource? W) Diamonds X) Wood Y) Coal Z) Propane
W: W) Diamonds
X: X) Wood
Y: Y) Coal
Z: Z) Propane
Answer: X) X) Wood
Which of the following choices describes one reason why the greenhouse effect is important? W) It warms the Earth to a temperature necessary for life on Earth X) It allows solar radiation to escape, preventing extreme radiation Y) It cools the Earth to a temperature necessary for life on Earth Z) It creates nitrogen for Earth’s atmosphere
W: W) It warms the Earth to a temperature necessary for life on Earth
X: X) It allows solar radiation to escape, preventing extreme radiation
Y: Y) It cools the Earth to a temperature necessary for life on Earth
Z: Z) It creates nitrogen for Earth’s atmosphere
Answer: W) W) It warms the Earth to a temperature necessary for life on Earth
Why is the Kepler telescope unique? W) It is pointed at one specific target X) It is focused on a large section of the sky Y) It is scanning the entire sky Z) It generates a small amount of data
W: W) It is pointed at one specific target
X: X) It is focused on a large section of the sky
Y: Y) It is scanning the entire sky
Z: Z) It generates a small amount of data
Answer: X) X) It is focused on a large section of the sky
What are scientists hoping to discover with the Kepler telescope?
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