HS Sample Set 2, Round 14 from NSB
Which of the following protons will have the largest coupling constant in the ¹H-NMR spectrum? W) Cis-alkene X) Trans-alkene Y) Ortho-benzene Z) Para-benzene
W: W) Cis-alkene
X: X) Trans-alkene
Y: Y) Ortho-benzene
Z: Z) Para-benzene
Answer: X) X) Trans-alkene
Which of the following polymers is soluble in organic solvents and rigid? W) Low density polyethylene X) Atactic polypropylene Y) Polystyrene Z) Polyvinyl chloride
W: W) Low density polyethylene
X: X) Atactic polypropylene
Y: Y) Polystyrene
Z: Z) Polyvinyl chloride
Answer: Y) Y) Polystyrene
With regard to leaf abscission, which of the following two plant hormones are antagonistic? W) Ethylene and auxin X) Gibberellin and brassinosteroids Y) Auxin and gibberellin Z) Abscisic acid and ethylene
W: W) Ethylene and auxin
X: X) Gibberellin and brassinosteroids
Y: Y) Auxin and gibberellin
Z: Z) Abscisic acid and ethylene
Answer: W) W) Ethylene and auxin
The dental formula for the coyote is 3-1-4-2 / 3-1-4-3. How many molars does it have on one side of its upper jaw?
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After refining a barrel of oil, which of the following fuel fractions constitutes the largest share? W) Gasoline X) Diesel Y) Butane Z) Jet fuel
W: W) Gasoline
X: X) Diesel
Y: Y) Butane
Z: Z) Jet fuel
Answer: W) W) Gasoline
Efficiency of concentrated solar power systems at certain concentrations of light are a function of thermal radiation properties and what other factor?
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Which of the following is a type of lake in which the bottom stratum of the water column never mixes with the strata above? W) Amictic X) Monomictic Y) Oligomictic Z) Meromictic
W: W) Amictic
X: X) Monomictic
Y: Y) Oligomictic
Z: Z) Meromictic
Answer: Z) Z) Meromictic
What are the three major strata of a thermally stratified lake?
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According to Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle, it is impossible to simultaneously measure which of the following in a particle with arbitrary precision? W) Position and mass X) Position and linear momentum Y) Linear momentum and energy Z) Position and electric charge
W: W) Position and mass
X: X) Position and linear momentum
Y: Y) Linear momentum and energy
Z: Z) Position and electric charge
Answer: X) X) Position and linear momentum
A simple harmonic oscillator has an amplitude of 2 cm. Find the value of the displacement x, in centimeters to the nearest tenth, where the kinetic energy of the oscillator is equal to its potential energy.
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A long-play record rotates at 33⅓ revolutions per minute. Which of the following represents this in radians per minute? W) 66⅔ π X) 33⅓ π Y) 16⅔ π Z) 6 π
W: W) 66⅔ π
X: X) 33⅓ π
Y: Y) 16⅔ π
Z: Z) 6 π
Answer: W) W) 66⅔ π
Find the values of a and b so that the function $$ f(x)= \begin{cases} x+3, & x\le1,\\ ax+b, & 1<x<4,\\ 2x-10, & x\ge4 \end{cases} $$ is continuous everywhere.
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Which of the following is NOT true with respect to balanced redox reactions? W) All species in the balanced equation must have the same physical state X) The oxidized atoms increase their oxidation number Y) The reduced atoms decrease their oxidation number Z) The total number of electrons transferred do not appear in the final, balanced reaction
W: W) All species in the balanced equation must have the same physical state
X: X) The oxidized atoms increase their oxidation number
Y: Y) The reduced atoms decrease their oxidation number
Z: Z) The total number of electrons transferred do not appear in the final, balanced reaction
Answer: W) W) All species in the balanced equation must have the same physical state
According to electronic transition rules, to what sublevels can an electron move from the 3s sublevel in a single-step transition?
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DO NOT ACCEPT:
While digging in the Jurassic-Cretaceous transitional beds in western Colorado, you uncover the fossilized bones of an animal that had a small head, spatulate teeth, a long neck and rather short feet. These bones most likely belonged to which of the following dinosaurs? W) Theropod X) Ceratopsian Y) Ornithopod Z) Sauropod
W: W) Theropod
X: X) Ceratopsian
Y: Y) Ornithopod
Z: Z) Sauropod
Answer: Z) Z) Sauropod
In 2001, the Nobel Prize was awarded to three scientists for their discoveries of two groups of key protein regulators of the cell cycle. The first group consists of the CDKs, which remain at fairly constant concentration throughout the cell cycle. What is the name of the second group, which interacts with CDKs to control their activity and varies in concentration over the cell cycle?
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How much power in watts is consumed by a device with a resistance of 15 Ω at a current of 3 A?
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Which of the following greenhouse gases stays the longest in the atmosphere? W) Nitrous oxide X) Carbon dioxide Y) Sulfur hexafluoride Z) Methane
W: W) Nitrous oxide
X: X) Carbon dioxide
Y: Y) Sulfur hexafluoride
Z: Z) Methane
Answer: Y) Y) Sulfur hexafluoride
Which of the following is the name of the law that quantitatively describes one-dimensional water flow in saturated soils? W) Ohm’s X) Fick’s Y) Fourier’s Z) Darcy’s
W: W) Ohm’s
X: X) Fick’s
Y: Y) Fourier’s
Z: Z) Darcy’s
Answer: Z) Z) Darcy’s
Why are Type Ia supernovae thought to have different progenitors from other kinds of supernovae? W) They have very different light curves from other supernovae X) They are 100 times more luminous than all other kinds of supernovae Y) The lack of hydrogen lines in their spectra means that the progenitor must have lost its envelope Z) They are seen in all galaxies, whereas other kinds of supernovae are only seen in star-forming regions of spiral galaxies
W: W) They have very different light curves from other supernovae
X: X) They are 100 times more luminous than all other kinds of supernovae
Y: Y) The lack of hydrogen lines in their spectra means that the progenitor must have lost its envelope
Z: Z) They are seen in all galaxies, whereas other kinds of supernovae are only seen in star-forming regions of spiral galaxies
Answer: Z) Z) They are seen in all galaxies, whereas other kinds of supernovae are only seen in star-forming regions of spiral galaxies
When a light ray enters into a medium with a higher index of refraction, which of the following is true? W) Its speed increases but its wavelength decreases X) Its speed decreases but its wavelength increases Y) Both speed and wavelength increase Z) Both speed and wavelength decrease
W: W) Its speed increases but its wavelength decreases
X: X) Its speed decreases but its wavelength increases
Y: Y) Both speed and wavelength increase
Z: Z) Both speed and wavelength decrease
Answer: Z) Z) Both speed and wavelength decrease
Providing your answer in scientific notation with two significant figures, what is the wavelength, in meters, of a 50 MeV photon, given Planck’s constant h = 6.6×10⁻³⁴ J·s and the elementary charge e = 1.6×10⁻¹⁹ C?
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Suppose that $\theta = \sin^{-1}\bigl(\tfrac{3}{5}\bigr)$. Find the exact value of $\tan(\theta)$.
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Find $\frac{dy}{dx}$ at the point (1, 2) if y is implicitly defined by the equation $x^3y + xy^2 = 6$.
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Which of the following is NOT characteristic of amines? W) A fully protonated amine is called an ammonium ion X) Amines can function as Brønsted bases Y) The VSEPR geometry of the nitrogen atom is trigonal planar Z) Amines can be a hydrogen bond acceptor
W: W) A fully protonated amine is called an ammonium ion
X: X) Amines can function as Brønsted bases
Y: Y) The VSEPR geometry of the nitrogen atom is trigonal planar
Z: Z) Amines can be a hydrogen bond acceptor
Answer: Y) Y) The VSEPR geometry of the nitrogen atom is trigonal planar
Which of the following elements seemingly violates Hund’s rule by shifting an electron from a full s orbital to another sublevel to give a more stable configuration? W) Chromium X) Tungsten Y) Boron Z) Cerium
W: W) Chromium
X: X) Tungsten
Y: Y) Boron
Z: Z) Cerium
Answer: W) W) Chromium
Which of the following animals does NOT belong in the superorder Afrotheria? W) Hyrax X) Dugong Y) Hoopoe Z) Elephant
W: W) Hyrax
X: X) Dugong
Y: Y) Hoopoe
Z: Z) Elephant
Answer: Y) Y) Hoopoe
Which of the following is NOT a regulatory characteristic of transcriptionally-active regions of a chromosome? W) They are not very condensed X) They are hypersensitive to DNAse I Y) They possess leucine zipper domains Z) They are undermethylated
W: W) They are not very condensed
X: X) They are hypersensitive to DNAse I
Y: Y) They possess leucine zipper domains
Z: Z) They are undermethylated
Answer: Y) Y) They possess leucine zipper domains
Arrange the following four surfaces in order of highest to lowest albedo: 1) fresh snow; 2) old snow; 3) water at a small zenith angle; 4) short grass.
Choices:
Correct Order:
What is the name for the apparent annual displacement of stars due to the finite speed of light?
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Which of the following is true about the rest mass of a photon? W) It is always zero X) It depends on its wavelength Y) It depends on the speed of the inertial observer Z) It depends on the medium in which it moves
W: W) It is always zero
X: X) It depends on its wavelength
Y: Y) It depends on the speed of the inertial observer
Z: Z) It depends on the medium in which it moves
Answer: W) W) It is always zero
An electron is moving at a speed of 1.5×10⁷ m/s. Which of the following is its de Broglie wavelength in meters, given mₑ = 9.1×10⁻³¹ kg and h = 6.63×10⁻³⁴ J·s? W) 5×10⁻¹¹ X) 5×10⁻¹² Y) 2×10¹¹ Z) 2×10¹²
W: W) 5×10⁻¹¹
X: X) 5×10⁻¹²
Y: Y) 2×10¹¹
Z: Z) 2×10¹²
Answer: W) W) 5×10⁻¹¹
Find the exact value of the expression $\dfrac{\sin\bigl(\tfrac{5\pi}{4}\bigr)}{\cos\bigl(\tfrac{5\pi}{4}\bigr)}$.
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Two objects move along a number line. At t seconds, their positions are $s_1=2t-t^2$ and $s_2=2t^2-3t$. Give all times in seconds when the two objects have the same speed.
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In a first order reaction in which a graph is made showing concentration versus time, the shape of the graph is best described as which of the following? W) Linear X) Exponential Y) Logarithmic Z) Hyperbolic
W: W) Linear
X: X) Exponential
Y: Y) Logarithmic
Z: Z) Hyperbolic
Answer: X) X) Exponential
What Nobel Prize-winning named reaction allows for the single-step formation of cyclohexene from butadiene and ethene?
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Symbiotic dinoflagellates found in hermatypic corals are known as which of the following? W) Radiolarians X) Copepods Y) Zooxanthellae Z) Coccoliths
W: W) Radiolarians
X: X) Copepods
Y: Y) Zooxanthellae
Z: Z) Coccoliths
Answer: Y) Y) Zooxanthellae
Compared to a lecithotrophic benthic invertebrate larva, a planktotrophic benthic invertebrate larva does which of the following? W) Spends more time in the egg stage X) Tends to be a larger size when it hatches Y) Is less dependent on yolk reserves Z) Spends less time in the water column before settling
W: W) Spends more time in the egg stage
X: X) Tends to be a larger size when it hatches
Y: Y) Is less dependent on yolk reserves
Z: Z) Spends less time in the water column before settling
Answer: Y) Y) Is less dependent on yolk reserves
Which of the following countries holds the largest proven natural gas reserves in the entire world? W) Russia X) Iran Y) Saudi Arabia Z) USA
W: W) Russia
X: X) Iran
Y: Y) Saudi Arabia
Z: Z) USA
Answer: W) W) Russia
In which of the following is aluminum oxide dissolved when using the Hall-Heroult process to produce aluminum? W) Molten cryolite X) Hydrogen peroxide Y) Sodium chloride Z) Water
W: W) Molten cryolite
X: X) Hydrogen peroxide
Y: Y) Sodium chloride
Z: Z) Water
Answer: W) W) Molten cryolite
In which of the following environments would you most likely find an alluvial fan? W) Mouth of the Mississippi in the Gulf of Mexico X) Outwash plain of a newly receding glacier in Alaska Y) Base of a submarine canyon off of the continental shelf of the Western Atlantic Z) Along the lowermost edge of a slump in a densely vegetated region
W: W) Mouth of the Mississippi in the Gulf of Mexico
X: X) Outwash plain of a newly receding glacier in Alaska
Y: Y) Base of a submarine canyon off of the continental shelf of the Western Atlantic
Z: Z) Along the lowermost edge of a slump in a densely vegetated region
Answer: X) X) Outwash plain of a newly receding glacier in Alaska
How were the rings of Uranus first discovered? W) Voyager 2 flyby X) Occultations of a background star Y) Hubble Space Telescope observations Z) Radar
W: W) Voyager 2 flyby
X: X) Occultations of a background star
Y: Y) Hubble Space Telescope observations
Z: Z) Radar
Answer: X) X) Occultations of a background star
Which of the following is equal to one tesla? W) 100 newtons per ampere meter X) 10 newtons per ampere meter Y) 10 millinewtons per ampere centimeter Z) 10 kilograms per ampere second squared
W: W) 100 newtons per ampere meter
X: X) 10 newtons per ampere meter
Y: Y) 10 millinewtons per ampere centimeter
Z: Z) 10 kilograms per ampere second squared
Answer: Y) Y) 10 millinewtons per ampere centimeter
A puck is nudged due south on a flat, level and frictionless table at a latitude of 30° north. If the puck’s initial speed is 3 mm/s, how many millimeters west has it gone after traveling 0.6 m south? W) 0.1 X) 4 Y) 40 Z) 110
W: W) 0.1
X: X) 4
Y: Y) 40
Z: Z) 110
Answer: X) X) 4
Which of the following values represents the slope of the tangent line at x=0 to the curve y=e^(−x)? W) −e X) −1 Y) 0 Z) 1
W: W) −e
X: X) −1
Y: Y) 0
Z: Z) 1
Answer: X) X) −1
A spherical balloon initially contains no air and is inflated so that its radius increases at 2 cm/s. How fast is the volume increasing, in cm³/s, 3 s after inflation starts? (Express your answer in terms of π.)
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Calculate the first order half-life in seconds to one significant figure if the rate constant is 1.7×10⁻³ s⁻¹.
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To lower the acidity of fish after adding too much vinegar (pKa 4.74), you decide to add packets containing 3 moles each of sodium acetate. You estimate you have added 1 mol of vinegar (pH≈2). To bring the pH up to around 5.5, to the nearest whole packet, how many packets of sodium acetate must you add?
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In which of the following locations does human blood have the highest oxygen concentration? W) Pulmonary artery X) Pulmonary vein Y) Right atrium Z) Capillaries in fingers
W: W) Pulmonary artery
X: X) Pulmonary vein
Y: Y) Right atrium
Z: Z) Capillaries in fingers
Answer: X) X) Pulmonary vein
In sickle cell anemia, which of the following is the specific mutation in the beta-globin gene that causes the disease? W) Alanine-6 mutated to arginine X) Glutamate-6 mutated to valine Y) Leucine-6 mutated to lysine Z) Arginine-6 mutated to glycine
W: W) Alanine-6 mutated to arginine
X: X) Glutamate-6 mutated to valine
Y: Y) Leucine-6 mutated to lysine
Z: Z) Arginine-6 mutated to glycine
Answer: X) X) Glutamate-6 mutated to valine