HS Sample Set 13, Round 6 from NSB

Questions in Packet

TOSS-UP energy phrase

What protein in the replisome is responsible for unwinding the DNA double helix?

Acceptable Answers:

  • HELICASE

BONUS energy phrase

Scientists at SLAC National Accelerator Lab are analyzing data from the Fermi space telescope that performs astronomy in what part of the electromagnetic spectrum?

Acceptable Answers:

  • GAMMA RAY
  • GAMMA

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

What is the name for slow and gradual displacement of rock layers that occurs without the accumulation of significant strain? W) Fault rupture X) Fault break Y) Fault creep Z) Fault walk

W: W) Fault rupture

X: X) Fault break

Y: Y) Fault creep

Z: Z) Fault walk

Answer: Y) Y) Fault creep

BONUS ess multiselect

Identify all of the following three physical properties that are exhibited by both gypsum and halite: 1) Glassy or vitreous luster; 2) White streak; 3) Three cleavage planes at right angles to one another.

Choices:

  • Glassy or vitreous luster
  • White streak
  • Three cleavage planes at right angles to one another

Correct Answers:

  • 1
  • 2

TOSS-UP math phrase

What is the distance between the points $(-1,4)$ and $(-10,6)$?

Acceptable Answers:

  • $\sqrt{85}$

BONUS math phrase

A triangle with integer side lengths has its longest side that is 4 times as long as a second side, and the third side has length 30. What is the greatest possible perimeter of the triangle?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 75

TOSS-UP bio phrase

A sphygmomanometer is a medical device that measures what vital sign?

Acceptable Answers:

  • BLOOD PRESSURE

BONUS bio phrase

In mRNA synthesis, what enzyme reads the DNA and synthesizes the strand of RNA?

Acceptable Answers:

  • RNA POLYMERASE

TOSS-UP chem multiple_choice

Which of the following is closest to the percent by mass of chloroform that is carbon? W) 10 X) 16 Y) 20 Z) 25

W: W) 10

X: X) 16

Y: Y) 20

Z: Z) 25

Answer: W) W) 10

BONUS chem multiple_choice

A buffered aqueous system contains 0.02 M ammonia and 0.2 M ammonium. Which of the following is closest to the pH of this system? W) 8.3 X) 9.3 Y) 10.3 Z) 12.3

W: W) 8.3

X: X) 9.3

Y: Y) 10.3

Z: Z) 12.3

Answer: W) W) 8.3

TOSS-UP phys phrase

In meters, how far does a 10-kilogram mass that is dropped from rest travel in 10 seconds?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 490

BONUS phys phrase

A positively charged particle is traveling in the positive direction along the line $y = x$ in the presence of a constant $B$ field pointing in the positive $x$ direction. In what direction is the Lorentz force on the particle pointing?

Acceptable Answers:

  • NEGATIVE Z

TOSS-UP energy multiple_choice

Researchers at Oak Ridge National Lab use pulsed laser light to induce thermal stress. This enables them to study the behavior of what type of excitation that plays an important role in many of the physical properties of solids? W) Photon X) Phonon Y) Neutron Z) X-ray

W: W) Photon

X: X) Phonon

Y: Y) Neutron

Z: Z) X-ray

Answer: X) X) Phonon

BONUS energy phrase

Researchers at Lawrence Berkeley National Lab are revisiting the BaBar collaboration to look for data pertaining to the material that is thought to compose 85 % of the mass in the universe. What is the term for this material?

Acceptable Answers:

  • DARK MATTER

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

What kind of trajectory will a comet follow if it has the minimum amount of energy needed to escape its star? W) Circular X) Elliptical Y) Parabolic Z) Hyperbolic

W: W) Circular

X: X) Elliptical

Y: Y) Parabolic

Z: Z) Hyperbolic

Answer: Y) Y) Parabolic

BONUS ess phrase

In what layer of the Earth’s atmosphere do auroras primarily occur?

Acceptable Answers:

  • THERMOSPHERE

TOSS-UP chem phrase

What is the chemical formula of ethylene, the simplest alkene?

Acceptable Answers:

  • $\mathrm{C_2H_4}$

BONUS chem phrase

What is the maximum number of stereoisomers possible for a molecule that contains 6 stereocenters?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 64

TOSS-UP bio phrase

Dinoflagellates have been identified as one of the main sources of what deadly marine phenomenon?

Acceptable Answers:

  • RED TIDE
  • HARMFUL ALGAL BLOOM

BONUS bio order

Order the following four sections of the spine from the most superior to the most inferior: 1) Lumbar; 2) Cervical; 3) Sacral; 4) Thoracic.

Choices:

  • Lumbar
  • Cervical
  • Sacral
  • Thoracic

Correct Order:

  • 2
  • 4
  • 1
  • 3

TOSS-UP math multiple_choice

Which of the following is equivalent to $$\sin 47^\circ\cos 11^\circ - \cos 47^\circ\sin 11^\circ$$? W) $\sin 36^\circ$ X) $\cos 36^\circ$ Y) $\sin 58^\circ$ Z) $\cos 58^\circ$

W: W) $\sin 36^\circ$

X: X) $\cos 36^\circ$

Y: Y) $\sin 58^\circ$

Z: Z) $\cos 58^\circ$

Answer: W) W) $\sin 36^\circ$

BONUS math phrase

What is the remainder when $$2x^4 + 3x^3 - 7x - 3$$ is divided by $$x + 3$$?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 99

TOSS-UP phys phrase

Winds flowing from high to low pressures on the Earth appear to be deflected to the right in the Northern Hemisphere because of what effect?

Acceptable Answers:

  • CORIOLIS

BONUS phys phrase

How much elastic energy, in joules, is stored in a spring that is displaced 10 cm from the equilibrium point, if its natural frequency of oscillation is 10 rad/s and the mass on its end is 1 kg?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 0.5
  • 1/2

TOSS-UP energy phrase

Scientists at Lawrence Livermore National Lab have devised an improved method for hydrogen production from water by using cheap transition-metal dichalcogenides. What is the name of this process for hydrogen production that involves splitting water into its components?

Acceptable Answers:

  • ELECTROLYSIS

BONUS energy phrase

Scientists at Princeton Plasma Physics Lab are building the world’s largest stellarator, which is used to confine what phase of matter?

Acceptable Answers:

  • PLASMA

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

Which of the following minerals is not typically found in granite? W) Olivine X) Plagioclase Y) Quartz Z) Hornblende

W: W) Olivine

X: X) Plagioclase

Y: Y) Quartz

Z: Z) Hornblende

Answer: W) W) Olivine

BONUS ess order

Arrange the following three colors of light in order of increasing depth of penetration in average seawater: 1) Violet; 2) Red; 3) Yellow.

Choices:

  • Violet
  • Red
  • Yellow

Correct Order:

  • 2
  • 3
  • 1

TOSS-UP phys phrase

If silicon is doped with boron, it becomes what type of semiconductor?

Acceptable Answers:

  • P-TYPE
  • P

BONUS phys phrase

A rocket propels itself with 50 N of force directed completely horizontally. If its net acceleration is directed 30° downward from the horizontal, then to the nearest kilogram, what is the mass of the rocket?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 3

TOSS-UP bio phrase

What type of RNA carries amino acids to the ribosomes?

Acceptable Answers:

  • tRNA
  • TRANSFER RNA, TRANSFER

BONUS bio multiple_choice

Which of the following best describes the reason for the similarity between the wing of a bird and the wing of an insect? W) Convergent evolution X) Divergent evolution Y) Adaptive selection Z) Stabilizing selection

W: W) Convergent evolution

X: X) Divergent evolution

Y: Y) Adaptive selection

Z: Z) Stabilizing selection

Answer: W) W) Convergent evolution

TOSS-UP math phrase

Six is one-third percent of what number?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 1800

BONUS math phrase

A student club sells tickets to a school play. They sell 683 tickets, averaging 14.8 tickets per member (rounded to the nearest tenth). How many members are in the club?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 46

TOSS-UP chem phrase

What is the name of the ionic salt with chemical formula $\mathrm{Fe(IO_4)_3}$?

Acceptable Answers:

  • IRON(III) PERIODATE
  • FERRIC PERIODATE

BONUS chem multiselect

Identify all of the following three sulfate salts that are soluble in water: 1) Zinc sulfate; 2) Aluminum sulfate; 3) Iron(III) sulfate.

Choices:

  • Zinc sulfate
  • Aluminum sulfate
  • Iron(III) sulfate

Correct Answers:

  • 1
  • 2
  • 3

TOSS-UP ess phrase

Edwin Purcell won the Nobel Prize in Physics for detecting the 21-centimeter spectral line originating from what element?

Acceptable Answers:

  • HYDROGEN

BONUS ess phrase

What planet in our solar system is the only planet to have an orbital inclination to the ecliptic of greater than 4 degrees?

Acceptable Answers:

  • MERCURY

TOSS-UP phys phrase

What physical quantity is defined as force integrated over a time interval?

Acceptable Answers:

  • IMPULSE

BONUS phys phrase

Two capacitors, both with capacitance $C$, are initially charged to 1.5 V and 3.5 V, respectively. If the positive plates are connected to each other and the negative plates are also connected, what is the total voltage across the system?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 2.5

TOSS-UP math phrase

In the integers mod 8, what is $7 + 5$?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 4

BONUS math phrase

If the line tangent to the graph of the differentiable function $f(x)$ at the point $(-3,5)$ passes through the point $(4.5,-4)$, then what is $f'(x)$ when $x=-3$?

Acceptable Answers:

  • $-\tfrac{6}{5}$
  • $-1\tfrac{1}{5}, -1.2$

TOSS-UP chem phrase

Benzene demonstrates what special type of conjugation due to its 6 pi electrons?

Acceptable Answers:

  • AROMATICITY
  • AROMATIC

BONUS chem phrase

Which of the electron’s quantum numbers corresponds to the size and energy of the orbital?

Acceptable Answers:

  • PRINCIPAL
  • N

TOSS-UP bio phrase

In female mammals, one of the two X chromosomes will be deactivated to form what structure?

Acceptable Answers:

  • BARR BODY

BONUS bio phrase

How many different human aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are there to charge the 45 different tRNA molecules?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 20