HS Sample Set 10, Round 9 from NSB
Which of the following minerals has only one plane of cleavage? W) Hornblende X) Biotite Y) Potassium feldspar Z) Augite
W: W) Hornblende
X: X) Biotite
Y: Y) Potassium feldspar
Z: Z) Augite
Answer: X) X) Biotite
Identify all of the following three statements that are true of the contrails produced by air traffic: 1) They are mostly composed of water ice; 2) They have a high albedo relative to oceans and forests; 3) They form in unstable, convecting layers of the atmosphere.
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Which of the following is NOT considered a practical source of biodiesel? W) Animal fat X) Restaurant oils Y) Vegetable oils Z) Essential oils
W: W) Animal fat
X: X) Restaurant oils
Y: Y) Vegetable oils
Z: Z) Essential oils
Answer: Z) Z) Essential oils
Which of the following countries had the largest wind energy capacity in 2014? W) India X) United States Y) China Z) Germany
W: W) India
X: X) United States
Y: Y) China
Z: Z) Germany
Answer: Y) Y) China
A pilot is in a recoverable spin with her engine turned off, and with the plane’s nose directed toward the Earth’s center. What term describes the limit of her rate of descent?
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An electron in a hydrogen atom is excited from the $n=1$ to the $n=2$ energy level by absorbing a photon. Then, it is excited from the $n=2$ to the $n=3$ energy level by absorbing a second photon. What is the ratio of the energies of the first photon to the second?
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What is $$\displaystyle \int_{-6}^{6} 6 \, dx$$?
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One endpoint of a diameter of a sphere centered at $(4, 2, -9)$ is $(5, -6, 2)$. What are the coordinates of the other endpoint of that diameter?
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An aqueous solution of sodium sulfate is electrolyzed using platinum electrodes. If phenolphthalein indicator is added to the solution, which of the following will be observed? W) The solution is colorless everywhere except at the cathode, where it is pink X) The solution is colorless everywhere except at the anode, where it is pink Y) The solution is pink everywhere except at the cathode, where it is colorless Z) The solution is pink everywhere except at the anode, where it is colorless
W: W) The solution is colorless everywhere except at the cathode, where it is pink
X: X) The solution is colorless everywhere except at the anode, where it is pink
Y: Y) The solution is pink everywhere except at the cathode, where it is colorless
Z: Z) The solution is pink everywhere except at the anode, where it is colorless
Answer: W) W) The solution is colorless everywhere except at the cathode, where it is pink
Hydrogen peroxide is: W) Less dense than water and boils at a lower temperature X) Less dense than water and boils at a higher temperature Y) More dense than water and boils at a lower temperature Z) More dense than water and boils at a higher temperature
W: W) Less dense than water and boils at a lower temperature
X: X) Less dense than water and boils at a higher temperature
Y: Y) More dense than water and boils at a lower temperature
Z: Z) More dense than water and boils at a higher temperature
Answer: Z) Z) More dense than water and boils at a higher temperature
Trans fats are produced from unsaturated fats in what chemical process?
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5-methylcytosine is particularly susceptible to mutations because upon deamination, it becomes what other nucleobase?
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Identify all of the following three compounds that have only London dispersion forces operating between the molecules: 1) Difluoromethane; 2) Hydrogen chloride; 3) Tetrachloromethane.
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A scientist thinks she has found a sample of rock 10 billion years old, a leftover fragment from the formation of an early solar system. Which of the following parent isotope’s concentrations would be most useful in confirming this? W) Potassium-40 X) Thorium-238 Y) Uranium-234 Z) Carbon-14
W: W) Potassium-40
X: X) Thorium-238
Y: Y) Uranium-234
Z: Z) Carbon-14
Answer: W) W) Potassium-40
Which of the following is NOT responsible for the failure of a pendulum to reach the height from which it was released as time progresses? W) Friction X) Gravity Y) Air resistance Z) Damping
W: W) Friction
X: X) Gravity
Y: Y) Air resistance
Z: Z) Damping
Answer: X) X) Gravity
Undulators are used in light sources to cause emissions of photons from electron bunches. If the spacing between electromagnets is 5 centimeters, and the electron beam has velocity of $3\times10^7$ meters per second, what frequency, to the nearest 100 MHz, of light is emitted?
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Which of the following is a fine-grained, typically buff-colored sediment deposited by wind? W) Evaporite X) Loess Y) Glaze Z) Humus
W: W) Evaporite
X: X) Loess
Y: Y) Glaze
Z: Z) Humus
Answer: X) X) Loess
What is the discharge, in meters cubed per second, of a simple river that is 5 meters deep, 10 meters wide, and has a current speed of 5 meters per second?
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How many terms does the binomial expansion of $\bigl(x^2 + 3y^3\bigr)^{13}$ contain?
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A right triangle has hypotenuse of length 46 and one leg of length 44. What is the length of the third side?
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A scientist has pea plants that are homozygous for purple flowers and plants that are homozygous for white flowers. Given that the purple flower trait is dominant, if the plants are crossed and then the resulting F1 generation is allowed to self-pollinate, what percentage of the resulting F2 plants will have white flowers?
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Which of the following molecules is most similar in structure to vitamin A? W) Beta carotene X) Tocopherol Y) Dopamine Z) Estradiol
W: W) Beta carotene
X: X) Tocopherol
Y: Y) Dopamine
Z: Z) Estradiol
Answer: W) W) Beta carotene
Commercial nuclear power reactors in the U.S. include a material that reduces the speed of neutrons to permit fission to occur in the fuel more readily. What is the general term for this material?
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Energy can be stored in batteries by converting electrical energy into chemical energy. In what device is electrical energy stored as separations of large amounts of static charge?
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Which of the following molecules is most polar? W) Ethane X) Carbon tetrachloride Y) Hexane Z) Pyridine
W: W) Ethane
X: X) Carbon tetrachloride
Y: Y) Hexane
Z: Z) Pyridine
Answer: Z) Z) Pyridine
Which of the following neutral ground state atoms has the lowest ionization energy? W) Carbon X) Boron Y) Nitrogen Z) Oxygen
W: W) Carbon
X: X) Boron
Y: Y) Nitrogen
Z: Z) Oxygen
Answer: X) X) Boron
The weber is the SI unit for what quantity?
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What term describes the balance between gravitational force and the outward gas pressure in a stable star?
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If the graph of $y=(x-2)^2-3$ is translated 6 units up and 3 units to the right, what are the coordinates of the vertex of the image?
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A bag contains 18 socks: 4 are red, 6 are white, and 8 are blue. How many socks must you take out to be certain that you will have at least one pair of blue socks?
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The suprachiasmatic nucleus is involved in controlling which of the following? W) Circadian rhythms X) Body temperature Y) Heart rate Z) Respiration rate
W: W) Circadian rhythms
X: X) Body temperature
Y: Y) Heart rate
Z: Z) Respiration rate
Answer: W) W) Circadian rhythms
Which of the following disorders is due to a dominant trait? W) Cystic fibrosis X) Hemophilia Y) Albinism Z) Polydactyly
W: W) Cystic fibrosis
X: X) Hemophilia
Y: Y) Albinism
Z: Z) Polydactyly
Answer: Z) Z) Polydactyly
Enhanced oil recovery allows residual oil to be produced. Which of the following substances allows more oil to be produced when it is injected into a well to lower the oil viscosity? W) A thinner form of oil X) Solvents Y) Steam Z) Saltwater
W: W) A thinner form of oil
X: X) Solvents
Y: Y) Steam
Z: Z) Saltwater
Answer: Y) Y) Steam
Recently, two wind turbines were installed inside the Eiffel Tower. The energy produced will be enough to power which of the following? W) The tower’s first floor X) The entire tower, except for lighting Y) The lighting for the entire tower Z) The entire tower including the lighting
W: W) The tower’s first floor
X: X) The entire tower, except for lighting
Y: Y) The lighting for the entire tower
Z: Z) The entire tower including the lighting
Answer: W) W) The tower’s first floor
What country has emitted the most carbon dioxide to Earth’s atmosphere during the past five years?
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Which of the following is NOT characteristic of currents found on the western boundary of oceanic gyres, relative to other ocean currents? W) Warm X) Deep Y) Narrow Z) Slow-moving
W: W) Warm
X: X) Deep
Y: Y) Narrow
Z: Z) Slow-moving
Answer: Z) Z) Slow-moving
The oxidation of elemental lithium with which of the following is a redox reaction that is MOST favorable? W) Fluorine gas X) Hydrogen gas Y) Iron (II) Z) Copper (I)
W: W) Fluorine gas
X: X) Hydrogen gas
Y: Y) Iron (II)
Z: Z) Copper (I)
Answer: W) W) Fluorine gas
Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding colligative properties? W) They do not depend on the identity of the solute X) Sodium chloride has a van't Hoff factor less than one Y) The osmotic pressure of a solution increases with increasing solute concentration Z) The freezing point of a solution decreases with increasing solute concentration
W: W) They do not depend on the identity of the solute
X: X) Sodium chloride has a van't Hoff factor less than one
Y: Y) The osmotic pressure of a solution increases with increasing solute concentration
Z: Z) The freezing point of a solution decreases with increasing solute concentration
Answer: X) X) Sodium chloride has a van't Hoff factor less than one
Which of the following laws expresses the increase in redshift of a galaxy’s spectral lines with distance? W) Doppler’s Law X) Cepheid’s Law Y) Hubble’s Law Z) Kepler’s Law
W: W) Doppler’s Law
X: X) Cepheid’s Law
Y: Y) Hubble’s Law
Z: Z) Kepler’s Law
Answer: Y) Y) Hubble’s Law
Identify all of the following three statements that are true regarding the differences between S waves and P waves: 1) P waves are longitudinal waves, while S waves are transverse waves; 2) P waves tend to have much larger amplitudes than S waves; 3) P waves travel faster than S waves.
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What is the slope of the line with equation $$5x + 3y = 8$$?
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The three sides of a triangle have lengths 4 centimeters, 6 centimeters, and 7 centimeters. What is the cosine of the smallest angle?
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A standard spring–mass oscillator on a frictionless surface oscillates at amplitude 2 meters. At what displacement from equilibrium does the spring store zero potential energy?
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Identify all of the following four particles that obey Bose–Einstein statistics: 1) Super-cooled helium atoms; 2) Beta particles; 3) Gamma rays; 4) Neutrons.
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What is the term for a Kuiper belt object that has been scattered into the region of the outer planetary orbits?
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Two stars have the same absolute magnitude. One is at a distance of 10 parsecs and the other is at a distance of 100 parsecs. What is the positive difference in their apparent magnitudes?
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