HS Sample Set 5, Round 6 from NSB

Questions in Packet

TOSS-UP chem multiple_choice

Recycling code 2 indicates which of the following types of plastic? W) Polyvinyl chloride X) Polystyrene Y) High-density polyethylene Z) Polyethylene terephthalate

W: W) Polyvinyl chloride

X: X) Polystyrene

Y: Y) High-density polyethylene

Z: Z) Polyethylene terephthalate

Answer: Y) Y) High-density polyethylene

BONUS chem phrase

If 4.67 g of butane reacts with 23.12 g of molecular oxygen to produce 2.67 g of carbon dioxide, what is the limiting reactant?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Butane

TOSS-UP math multiple_choice

If the derivative of f(x) is positive on the closed interval [a, b], then which of the following statements is true? W) f(x) is increasing on [a, b] X) f(x) has critical points at a and b Y) f(x) is constant on [a, b] Z) f(x) cannot have an inflection point on [a, b]

W: W) f(x) is increasing on [a, b]

X: X) f(x) has critical points at a and b

Y: Y) f(x) is constant on [a, b]

Z: Z) f(x) cannot have an inflection point on [a, b]

Answer: W) W) f(x) is increasing on [a, b]

BONUS math phrase

Providing your answer in simplest form, give the volume in terms of π of the solid generated by revolving the region bounded by  • \(y = \ln(x)\),  • the x-axis,  • \(x = 1\), and  • \(x = e\) about the y-axis.

Acceptable Answers:

  • \(\tfrac{1}{2}\,\pi\bigl(e^2 + 1\bigr)\)

TOSS-UP phys phrase

Using \(g = 9.8\) m/s² and providing your answer to the nearest kilojoule, what is the gravitational potential energy of a 33 kg cart halfway down a 25 m high slope that is 60 m long?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 4 kJ

BONUS phys phrase

Assuming that the speed of sound in air is 343 m/s and providing your answer to the nearest integer, what is the fundamental frequency in hertz produced by a pipe of length 3 m that is open at both ends?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 57 Hz

TOSS-UP bio phrase

What is the common name of the seabird that has the largest wingspan of any living bird, up to 11.5 ft?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Albatross
  • Wandering albatross

BONUS bio phrase

What adjective describes hormones that cause secretion of other hormones?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Tropic

TOSS-UP chem multiple_choice

Sodium azide and potassium nitrate react to inflate an airbag during a car crash primarily by producing which of the following gases? W) Nitrogen X) Oxygen Y) Potassium oxide Z) Sodium nitrate

W: W) Nitrogen

X: X) Oxygen

Y: Y) Potassium oxide

Z: Z) Sodium nitrate

Answer: W) W) Nitrogen

BONUS chem multiselect

By name or number, identify all of the following four characteristics that are intensive properties of a bubble of air: 1) Density 2) Radius 3) Percent oxygen 4) Temperature

Choices:

  • Density
  • Radius
  • Percent oxygen
  • Temperature

Correct Answers:

  • 1
  • 3
  • 4

TOSS-UP phys multiple_choice

Under which of the following conditions is the momentum of a system unchanged? W) The system is undergoing acceleration X) The system is acted upon by multiple forces Y) The net external forces are zero Z) The net internal forces are zero

W: W) The system is undergoing acceleration

X: X) The system is acted upon by multiple forces

Y: Y) The net external forces are zero

Z: Z) The net internal forces are zero

Answer: Y) Y) The net external forces are zero

BONUS phys phrase

Providing your answer to the nearest hundredth, what is the moment of inertia in kg·m² of a solid sphere with mass 2.5 kg and radius 0.30 m?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 0.09

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

Which of the following best describes surface airflow in a northern-hemisphere middle-latitude cyclone? W) Divergent and clockwise X) Divergent and counterclockwise Y) Convergent and clockwise Z) Convergent and counterclockwise

W: W) Divergent and clockwise

X: X) Divergent and counterclockwise

Y: Y) Convergent and clockwise

Z: Z) Convergent and counterclockwise

Answer: Z) Z) Convergent and counterclockwise

BONUS ess phrase

Name the kind of equilibrium state, characterized by a balance between internal pressure and gravity, of the dense gas or fluid of any main-sequence star.

Acceptable Answers:

  • Hydrostatic

TOSS-UP phys multiple_choice

The single electron in the ground state of hydrogen is bound to the proton by 13.6 eV. If it is excited to the \(n=2\) state, by which of the following energies (in eV) is it now bound? W) 3.4 X) 6.8 Y) 13.6 Z) 54.4

W: W) 3.4

X: X) 6.8

Y: Y) 13.6

Z: Z) 54.4

Answer: W) W) 3.4

BONUS phys phrase

A model truck with mass 1.0 kg is accelerated by an electric motor from rest to 0.8 m/s in 20 ms. What is the average power, in watts, delivered by the motor during this time?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 16 W

TOSS-UP energy multiple_choice

Which of the following BEST represents the percentage of global oil reserves located in North America? W) 5 X) 10 Y) 15 Z) 20

W: W) 5

X: X) 10

Y: Y) 15

Z: Z) 20

Answer: W) W) 5

BONUS energy phrase

To study fuel and water use by migrating birds, what controlled environment do researchers use in order to assess fat stores, protein mass, water, and immunological function when birds fly long distances?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Wind tunnel

TOSS-UP math phrase

Simplify \(i^{17}\) completely.

Acceptable Answers:

  • \(i\)

BONUS math phrase

Evaluate the following limit: \[ \lim_{n \to \infty} \bigl(1 + \tfrac{3}{n}\bigr)^{n}. \]

Acceptable Answers:

  • \(e^3\)

TOSS-UP ess phrase

On Earth, what is the average time from one high tide to the next, in hours and minutes?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 12 hours and 25 minutes
  • Any answer between 12:15 and 12:45

BONUS ess multiple_choice

Which of the following correctly generalizes how crystal size compares between extrusive and intrusive rocks? W) Extrusive rocks have larger crystals X) Intrusive rocks have larger crystals Y) Extrusive and intrusive rocks have comparable crystal sizes Z) Crystal size is variable and unpredictable

W: W) Extrusive rocks have larger crystals

X: X) Intrusive rocks have larger crystals

Y: Y) Extrusive and intrusive rocks have comparable crystal sizes

Z: Z) Crystal size is variable and unpredictable

Answer: X) X) Intrusive rocks have larger crystals

TOSS-UP phys multiple_choice

Which of the following kinds of cells CANNOT be recharged? W) Dry X) Wet Y) Primary Z) Secondary

W: W) Dry

X: X) Wet

Y: Y) Primary

Z: Z) Secondary

Answer: W) W) Dry

BONUS phys phrase

A 600 N worker is standing 1.00 m from the left end of a 200 N scaffold that is 3.00 m long and supported by cables at each end. What is the tension (in newtons) in the right-hand cable?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 300 N

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

A fault is an example of which of the following types of strain? W) Brittle X) Elastic Y) Plastic Z) Dilational

W: W) Brittle

X: X) Elastic

Y: Y) Plastic

Z: Z) Dilational

Answer: W) W) Brittle

BONUS ess multiple_choice

Which of the following properties of felsic melts makes them more viscous than mafic melts? W) Higher temperature X) Higher volatile content Y) Higher silica content Z) Erupting at a higher elevation

W: W) Higher temperature

X: X) Higher volatile content

Y: Y) Higher silica content

Z: Z) Erupting at a higher elevation

Answer: Y) Y) Higher silica content

TOSS-UP energy multiple_choice

Which of the following energy generation methods is the BEST source for baseload? W) Hydroelectric X) Wind Y) Solar Z) Tidal turbines

W: W) Hydroelectric

X: X) Wind

Y: Y) Solar

Z: Z) Tidal turbines

Answer: W) W) Hydroelectric

BONUS energy phrase

If 50.0 g of water cools from 35.10 °C to 26.05 °C, providing your answer to the nearest hundred joules, how much heat is released?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 1 900 J

TOSS-UP bio phrase

Moths have evolved high-frequency hearing as a defense against which organisms?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Bats

BONUS bio phrase

Give the common name of a family of large Asian birds that has the following unique nesting characteristic: when a female is ready to lay eggs, she enters a hole in a tree and seals off the entrance, leaving just a narrow opening. Once sealed inside, she becomes dependent on the male, who passes food through the hole while she incubates and raises the chicks.

Acceptable Answers:

  • Hornbills

TOSS-UP math multiple_choice

Which of the following statements is TRUE? W) A correlation of +0.8 is stronger than a correlation of −0.8 X) A correlation of +0.8 is weaker than a correlation of −0.8 Y) A correlation of +0.8 is just as strong as a correlation of −0.8 Z) It is impossible to tell which correlation is stronger

W: W) A correlation of +0.8 is stronger than a correlation of −0.8

X: X) A correlation of +0.8 is weaker than a correlation of −0.8

Y: Y) A correlation of +0.8 is just as strong as a correlation of −0.8

Z: Z) It is impossible to tell which correlation is stronger

Answer: Y) Y) A correlation of +0.8 is just as strong as a correlation of −0.8

BONUS math phrase

Providing your answer in decimal form, what is the value of the infinite series \[ \sum_{n=0}^{\infty}\frac{3^n + 4^n}{5^n}\;? \]

Acceptable Answers:

  • 7.5

TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

Cephalopods belong to which of the following groups? W) Mollusks X) Annelids Y) Roundworms Z) Arthropods

W: W) Mollusks

X: X) Annelids

Y: Y) Roundworms

Z: Z) Arthropods

Answer: W) W) Mollusks

BONUS bio multiselect

By name or number, identify all of the following five animals that are even-toed ungulates: 1) Peccaries 2) Camels 3) Goats 4) Bison 5) Horses

Choices:

  • Peccaries
  • Camels
  • Goats
  • Bison
  • Horses

Correct Answers:

  • 1
  • 2
  • 3

TOSS-UP energy phrase

Which country supplies the U.S. with 95% of its needed rare earth elements, key components in electronics, solar panels, and hybrid cars?

Acceptable Answers:

  • China

BONUS energy phrase

What kinds of electromagnetic emissions from the Crab Nebula were so stable that they were used for decades to calibrate space-borne instruments?

Acceptable Answers:

  • X-rays

TOSS-UP math phrase

Considering the function \(f(x)=2x^3+5x^2+4\), what is the instantaneous rate of change at the point \((-1,7)\)?

Acceptable Answers:

  • −4

BONUS math phrase

Find all values of \(c\) such that the function \[ f(x)= \begin{cases} c^2\,x, & x\le2,\\ \frac{5}{4}\,c\,x^2 +3, & x>2 \end{cases} \] is continuous for all real \(x\).

Acceptable Answers:

  • \(-\tfrac12,\;3\)

TOSS-UP bio phrase

Proteins have different levels of structure. Which level of structure is identified with hydrogen bonds at regular intervals that produce alpha helices and beta-pleated sheets?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Secondary

BONUS bio multiple_choice

If a student were to analyze the liquid in the nephrons of humans and the nephridia of earthworms, which of the following pairs of substances might be found in both organisms? W) Salts and urea X) Salts and sugar Y) Sugar and urea Z) Sugar and ammonia

W: W) Salts and urea

X: X) Salts and sugar

Y: Y) Sugar and urea

Z: Z) Sugar and ammonia

Answer: W) W) Salts and urea

TOSS-UP math phrase

What is the derivative of the integral of \(x^4\) with respect to \(x\)?

Acceptable Answers:

  • \(x^4\)

BONUS math phrase

Find the radius and the center, respectively, of the circle with equation \[ x^2 + y^2 -16x +12y +75 = 0. \]

Acceptable Answers:

  • Radius = 5; Center = (8, −6)

TOSS-UP chem phrase

What element corresponds to the electron configuration 1s² 2s² 2p⁵?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Fluorine

BONUS chem multiple_choice

In which of the following sets of elements would all members be expected to have very similar chemical properties? W) Neon, oxygen, and fluorine X) Argon, bromine, and krypton Y) Magnesium, calcium, and barium Z) Aluminum, silicon, and phosphorus

W: W) Neon, oxygen, and fluorine

X: X) Argon, bromine, and krypton

Y: Y) Magnesium, calcium, and barium

Z: Z) Aluminum, silicon, and phosphorus

Answer: Y) Y) Magnesium, calcium, and barium

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

Which of the following most accurately provides the three necessary ingredients for thunderstorm formation? W) Moisture, lifting mechanism, instability X) Lifting mechanism, mountains, oceans Y) Stability, moisture, heat Z) Lifting mechanism, fronts, moisture

W: W) Moisture, lifting mechanism, instability

X: X) Lifting mechanism, mountains, oceans

Y: Y) Stability, moisture, heat

Z: Z) Lifting mechanism, fronts, moisture

Answer: W) W) Moisture, lifting mechanism, instability

BONUS ess multiple_choice

The image resolution of a large optical telescope is most directly related to which of the following? W) Focal length of the objective X) Diameter of the objective Y) Atmospheric conditions of the observing site Z) Astigmatism of the optical system

W: W) Focal length of the objective

X: X) Diameter of the objective

Y: Y) Atmospheric conditions of the observing site

Z: Z) Astigmatism of the optical system

Answer: Y) Y) Atmospheric conditions of the observing site

TOSS-UP chem multiple_choice

Which of the following is an example of effusion? W) The formation of snowflakes in the upper atmosphere X) A hot air balloon flight Y) The evaporation of water from a lake Z) A bike tire losing air after running over a nail

W: W) The formation of snowflakes in the upper atmosphere

X: X) A hot air balloon flight

Y: Y) The evaporation of water from a lake

Z: Z) A bike tire losing air after running over a nail

Answer: Z) Z) A bike tire losing air after running over a nail

BONUS chem phrase

When hydrochloric acid in an aqueous solution reacts with solid sodium bicarbonate, what are the products?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Carbon dioxide, water, and sodium chloride
  • Carbon dioxide gas
  • Liquid water
  • Aqueous sodium chloride

TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

Which of the following monomers CANNOT be converted into an intermediate that can be used for cellular respiration? W) Fatty acids X) Glycerol Y) Amino acids Z) Nucleic acids

W: W) Fatty acids

X: X) Glycerol

Y: Y) Amino acids

Z: Z) Nucleic acids

Answer: Z) Z) Nucleic acids

BONUS bio phrase

What is the name for the technique in which DNA is digested using restriction enzymes, separated using gel electrophoresis, transferred to a filter, treated with an alkaline solution, and radioactively probed to search for specific DNA sequences?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Southern blot

DO NOT ACCEPT:

  • Blot
  • Northern blot
  • Western blot