HS Sample Set 10, Round 16 from NSB
What is the sum of the infinite geometric series with first term 1/4 and second term 1/16?
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A regular decagon is inscribed in a circle with radius 8. Which of the following is the length of one of its sides? W) 8 sine of 36° X) 8 cosine of 36° Y) 16 sine of 18° Z) 16 cosine of 18°
W: W) 8 sine of 36°
X: X) 8 cosine of 36°
Y: Y) 16 sine of 18°
Z: Z) 16 cosine of 18°
Answer: Y) Y) 16 sine of 18°
What law of electromagnetism states that the total electric flux through a closed surface is equal to the total electric charge inside the surface divided by the permittivity of free space?
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When a material transitions into a superconducting state, it actively excludes magnetic fields from its interior. What is the name of this electromagnetic phenomenon?
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Identify all of the following three minerals that are formed by oxidative weathering: 1) Hematite; 2) Limonite; 3) Goethite.
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As Earth's temperature rises, sea levels will also rise due to the melting of continental ice. Why won't this effect be canceled by increased evaporation of seawater from the oceans? W) The thermohaline circulation will slow down X) When ice sheets melt, they release latent heat Y) Saltwater evaporates much more slowly than freshwater Z) The atmosphere is a much smaller water reservoir than the ocean
W: W) The thermohaline circulation will slow down
X: X) When ice sheets melt, they release latent heat
Y: Y) Saltwater evaporates much more slowly than freshwater
Z: Z) The atmosphere is a much smaller water reservoir than the ocean
Answer: Z) Z) The atmosphere is a much smaller water reservoir than the ocean
What cytoskeletal component is composed of actin?
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Which of the following is true regarding the differences between New World and Old World monkeys? W) New World monkeys evolved from prosimians, while Old World monkeys evolved from anthropoids X) New World monkeys are all arboreal, while Old World monkeys include some ground-dwelling species Y) New World monkeys lack prehensile tails, while Old World monkeys have prehensile tails Z) New World monkeys have downward pointed noses, while Old World monkeys have flat, spreading noses
W: W) New World monkeys evolved from prosimians, while Old World monkeys evolved from anthropoids
X: X) New World monkeys are all arboreal, while Old World monkeys include some ground-dwelling species
Y: Y) New World monkeys lack prehensile tails, while Old World monkeys have prehensile tails
Z: Z) New World monkeys have downward pointed noses, while Old World monkeys have flat, spreading noses
Answer: X) X) New World monkeys are all arboreal, while Old World monkeys include some ground-dwelling species
According to VSEPR theory, which of the following could NOT be the molecular geometry of a compound with a trigonal bipyramidal electron-pair geometry? W) Trigonal bipyramidal X) Trigonal pyramidal Y) Linear Z) See-saw
W: W) Trigonal bipyramidal
X: X) Trigonal pyramidal
Y: Y) Linear
Z: Z) See-saw
Answer: X) X) Trigonal pyramidal
Consider the reaction A + B yields C, which is second-order in the reactant A and first-order in the reactant B. If the concentrations of both A and B are doubled, then by what factor is the reaction rate multiplied?
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Breeder reactors use uranium-238. Based on the abundance of this isotope, which of the following best estimates how many years breeder reactors could operate with the Earth’s supply of uranium-238? W) 500 X) 5,000 Y) 5 million Z) 5 billion
W: W) 500
X: X) 5,000
Y: Y) 5 million
Z: Z) 5 billion
Answer: Z) Z) 5 billion
Identify all of the following three statements that are true regarding carbon sequestration practices on farms: 1) Groundcover is used to prevent soil from being washed or blown away; 2) Groundcover is used as protection from the Sun to attract microbes; 3) Livestock are only allowed to graze in one spot for 3-4 days at a time.
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Consider a restaurant menu with nine meals. A table at the restaurant has n diners, all of whom order different meals. For which of the following values of n could the table add a diner without changing the number of combinations of meals the table can order? W) 1 X) 2 Y) 4 Z) 8
W: W) 1
X: X) 2
Y: Y) 4
Z: Z) 8
Answer: Y) Y) 4
Find the product of the following three complex numbers: 2i; –11 + 2i; 4 – 5i
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Baker's yeast is an example of what type of fungi? W) Basidiomycete X) Ascomycete Y) Zygomycete Z) Imperfect fungus
W: W) Basidiomycete
X: X) Ascomycete
Y: Y) Zygomycete
Z: Z) Imperfect fungus
Answer: X) X) Ascomycete
In the process of peptide synthesis by ribosomes, what specific macromolecule catalyzes the amide bond formation?
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Which of the following is a major concern introduced with demand response programs and smart grids in general: W) Increased flow of energy in distribution and power systems X) Decrease in system reliability due to intermittency of generation of renewable energy sources Y) Increased rates of cost of electricity Z) Hackers can gain access to smart grid control software
W: W) Increased flow of energy in distribution and power systems
X: X) Decrease in system reliability due to intermittency of generation of renewable energy sources
Y: Y) Increased rates of cost of electricity
Z: Z) Hackers can gain access to smart grid control software
Answer: Z) Z) Hackers can gain access to smart grid control software
Research and development on next generation nuclear plants at Department of Energy labs demonstrates the technical viability of very high temperature gas-cooled reactors. What gas will be used to cool the reactors?
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Which of the following alkaline metal hydroxides has the highest solubility in water? W) Magnesium hydroxide X) Calcium hydroxide Y) Strontium hydroxide Z) Barium hydroxide
W: W) Magnesium hydroxide
X: X) Calcium hydroxide
Y: Y) Strontium hydroxide
Z: Z) Barium hydroxide
Answer: Z) Z) Barium hydroxide
Identify all of the following three compounds or ions that contain atoms that violate the octet rule: 1) Azide ion; 2) Triiodide ion; 3) Carbon dioxide.
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The Kansan, Nebraskan, Illinoian, and Wisconsinan glacial events occurred in what geological epoch?
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Which of the following would best approximate the temperature, in kelvins, of a star with very strong Balmer absorption lines? W) 30,000 X) 20,000 Y) 10,000 Z) 5,000
W: W) 30,000
X: X) 20,000
Y: Y) 10,000
Z: Z) 5,000
Answer: Y) Y) 10,000
If all of the following objects are of equal mass and equal radius, which will have the greatest rotational inertia? W) Solid cylinder about central axis X) Solid sphere about any diameter Y) Thin spherical shell about any diameter Z) Hoop about a central axis
W: W) Solid cylinder about central axis
X: X) Solid sphere about any diameter
Y: Y) Thin spherical shell about any diameter
Z: Z) Hoop about a central axis
Answer: Z) Z) Hoop about a central axis
What type of spectroscopy relies on the inelastic scattering of monochromatic light in order to gather information about the vibrational modes of a system?
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What is the lateral surface area of a cone whose height is 12 cm and whose base diameter is 10 cm?
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Find the derivative with respect to $x$ of the product of the two binomials $4x^3 - 12$ and $8x^4 + 7$.
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A deletion mutation that results in loss of the final 3 nucleotides of an organism's histidine tRNA gene will impair what function of the tRNA? W) Folding into functional tertiary structure X) Codon-anticodon base pairing with mRNA Y) Binding to histidine Z) Transcription of the gene encoding histidine
W: W) Folding into functional tertiary structure
X: X) Codon-anticodon base pairing with mRNA
Y: Y) Binding to histidine
Z: Z) Transcription of the gene encoding histidine
Answer: Y) Y) Binding to histidine
Which of the following is the most superficial layer of the epidermis? W) Stratum lucidum X) Stratum corneum Y) Stratum spinosum Z) Stratum granulosum
W: W) Stratum lucidum
X: X) Stratum corneum
Y: Y) Stratum spinosum
Z: Z) Stratum granulosum
Answer: X) X) Stratum corneum
According to the International Energy Agency, third-generation technologies for energy production are those not yet widely demonstrated or commercialized. Which of the following is NOT a third-generation technology for energy production? W) Biomass gasification X) Solar heating Y) Solar thermal stations Z) Ocean energy
W: W) Biomass gasification
X: X) Solar heating
Y: Y) Solar thermal stations
Z: Z) Ocean energy
Answer: X) X) Solar heating
Identify all of the following three statements that are TRUE regarding biodiesel: 1) B20 is commonly used in diesel equipment without modifications; 2) Water is a common biodiesel additive to reduce corrosion; 3) Biodiesel is produced via the Fischer-Tropsch process.
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What equation explains why the pressure in a pipe decreases as the velocity of the fluid flowing through it increases?
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Two loudspeakers, A and B, are placed 4 meters apart and facing each other. The loudspeakers produce sound at 171 hertz in phase with one another. A microphone is moved with varying speed along a straight line that joins A and B. Which of the following statements is true? W) The microphone detects sound with no amplitude fluctuations as it moves X) The microphone detects sound with amplitude fluctuations that increase as its speed decreases Y) The microphone detects sound with amplitude fluctuations that increase as its speed increases Z) The microphone detects no sound
W: W) The microphone detects sound with no amplitude fluctuations as it moves
X: X) The microphone detects sound with amplitude fluctuations that increase as its speed decreases
Y: Y) The microphone detects sound with amplitude fluctuations that increase as its speed increases
Z: Z) The microphone detects no sound
Answer: Y) Y) The microphone detects sound with amplitude fluctuations that increase as its speed increases
What is the magnitude of the faintest stars that can be seen with the naked eye?
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What is the term for the feature formed when a moving glacier separates from stagnant ice, creating a crevasse?
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Which of the following statements concerning intermolecular forces is NOT true? W) Ion-induced dipole forces decay more quickly with distance than ion-dipole forces X) The Lennard-Jones potential has a single minimum value Y) Isooctane experiences larger London dispersion forces than linear n-octane Z) Van der Waals interaction potentials decay with the inverse sixth-power of molecular separation
W: W) Ion-induced dipole forces decay more quickly with distance than ion-dipole forces
X: X) The Lennard-Jones potential has a single minimum value
Y: Y) Isooctane experiences larger London dispersion forces than linear n-octane
Z: Z) Van der Waals interaction potentials decay with the inverse sixth-power of molecular separation
Answer: Y) Y) Isooctane experiences larger London dispersion forces than linear n-octane
Identify all of the following three reactions that can be considered metathesis reactions: 1) The reaction of acetic acid with sodium bicarbonate; 2) The reaction of hydrochloric acid with sodium hydroxide; 3) The reaction of solid copper with silver nitrate.
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The graph of the function f(x) lies in the first quadrant. The function g(x) equals negative 2 times f(x). In what quadrant does the graph of the function f(x) + g(x) lie?
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What is the cross product of the vectors i + j + k and j?
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Landscapes that have been shaped by the dissolving power of water are said to exhibit what type of topography?
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According to Bowen's reaction series, which of these minerals is the first to crystallize in cooling magma? W) Calcium-rich plagioclase X) Quartz Y) Sodium-rich plagioclase Z) Muscovite
W: W) Calcium-rich plagioclase
X: X) Quartz
Y: Y) Sodium-rich plagioclase
Z: Z) Muscovite
Answer: W) W) Calcium-rich plagioclase
According to the equipartition theorem, by what factor of the Boltzmann constant does each translational degree of freedom of an ideal gas contribute to the heat capacity? W) 1/2 X) 1 Y) 2 Z) 3
W: W) 1/2
X: X) 1
Y: Y) 2
Z: Z) 3
Answer: W) W) 1/2
What particles are thought to interact with standard particles via a force similar in strength to the weak force and are among the leading candidates for the composition of dark matter?
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Helicobacter pylori is associated with which of the following disorders? W) SARS X) Tuberculosis Y) Stomach ulcers Z) Anemia
W: W) SARS
X: X) Tuberculosis
Y: Y) Stomach ulcers
Z: Z) Anemia
Answer: Y) Y) Stomach ulcers
Vitamin K is important to which of the following processes? W) Metabolism X) Calcium absorption Y) Night vision Z) Blood clotting
W: W) Metabolism
X: X) Calcium absorption
Y: Y) Night vision
Z: Z) Blood clotting
Answer: Z) Z) Blood clotting
What is the bond order of N₂⁺?
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Identify all of the following three statements concerning chemical kinetics that are TRUE: 1) Zero-order rate constants have units of inverse seconds; 2) First-order reactions have half-lives that are dependent on time; 3) Catalysts cannot appear in the rate law for a reaction.
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