MS Sample Set 10, Round 3 from NSB

Questions in Packet

TOSS-UP general multiple_choice

Which of the following is closest to the ratio of nitrogen molecules to oxygen molecules in the air? W) 1 to 4 X) 1 to 3 Y) 3 to 1 Z) 4 to 1

W: W) 1 to 4

X: X) 1 to 3

Y: Y) 3 to 1

Z: Z) 4 to 1

Answer: Z) Z) 4 to 1

BONUS general phrase

Assuming that the following numbers represent measurements, and giving your answer with the correct number of significant figures, simplify the following expression: 2.5 + 0.50 + 0.055.

Acceptable Answers:

  • 3.1

TOSS-UP math phrase

Evaluate the following expression: $$14 - 6 \times 5$$

Acceptable Answers:

  • -16

BONUS math phrase

A right triangle has leg lengths 3 and 4. A similar triangle has its shorter leg of length 12. What is the length of the hypotenuse in the larger triangle?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 20

TOSS-UP energy phrase

What is the Earth's most abundant energy source?

Acceptable Answers:

  • THE SUN
  • SOLAR ENERGY

BONUS energy multiple_choice

Approximately 45% of biomass energy production in the US comes from what fuel source? W) Landfill gas X) Solid waste Y) Wood Z) Biogas

W: W) Landfill gas

X: X) Solid waste

Y: Y) Wood

Z: Z) Biogas

Answer: Y) Y) Wood

TOSS-UP phys multiple_choice

One kilogram of which of the following has the most energy? W) Ice at 0 degrees Celsius X) Water at 0 degrees Celsius Y) Water at 100 degrees Celsius Z) Steam at 100 degrees Celsius

W: W) Ice at 0 degrees Celsius

X: X) Water at 0 degrees Celsius

Y: Y) Water at 100 degrees Celsius

Z: Z) Steam at 100 degrees Celsius

Answer: Z) Z) Steam at 100 degrees Celsius

BONUS phys phrase

What element in coal has the greatest mass fraction?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Carbon

TOSS-UP ess phrase

In what layer of Earth's atmosphere does nearly all weather occur?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Troposphere

BONUS ess phrase

In general, what is the minimum number of land-based seismic station measurements needed to determine the location of an earthquake?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 3

TOSS-UP bio phrase

What term is used to describe organisms that help break down existing plant or animal tissue?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Decomposer
  • Saprotroph, Sapprobe

DO NOT ACCEPT:

  • Detritivore

BONUS bio multiple_choice

If birth and death rates are equal and a population is growing, what is the most likely relationship between immigration and emigration? W) More immigration than emigration X) Less immigration than emigration Y) The same amount of immigration as emigration Z) Emigration, but no immigration

W: W) More immigration than emigration

X: X) Less immigration than emigration

Y: Y) The same amount of immigration as emigration

Z: Z) Emigration, but no immigration

Answer: W) W) More immigration than emigration

TOSS-UP ess phrase

What two elements primarily make up the core of the Earth?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Iron and Nickel

BONUS ess multiple_choice

Most of the CO₂ presently entering Earth's atmosphere is generated by human activities. Which of the following is closest to the percentage of CO₂ released into the atmosphere by land and sea volcanoes combined? W) 1 X) 5 Y) 10 Z) 15

W: W) 1

X: X) 5

Y: Y) 10

Z: Z) 15

Answer: W) W) 1

TOSS-UP general phrase

If you were to design an experiment to see how high a ball bounces in response to the height from which it is dropped, what would be your independent variable?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Height from which it is dropped

DO NOT ACCEPT:

  • Height

BONUS general phrase

What temperature in degrees Celsius is equivalent to 50 degrees Fahrenheit?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 10

TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

Prokaryotic cells divide by the process of: W) Fusion X) Osmosis Y) Mitosis Z) Binary fission

W: W) Fusion

X: X) Osmosis

Y: Y) Mitosis

Z: Z) Binary fission

Answer: Z) Z) Binary fission

BONUS bio multiple_choice

What is the limiting factor for phytoplankton productivity in the tropical open ocean? W) Temperature X) Sunlight Y) Salinity Z) Nutrients

W: W) Temperature

X: X) Sunlight

Y: Y) Salinity

Z: Z) Nutrients

Answer: Z) Z) Nutrients

TOSS-UP math multiple_choice

A hula hoop with a radius of 20 inches is cut into 5 congruent pieces. What is the length of each piece? W) 4π X) 5π Y) 8π Z) 10π

W: W) 4π

X: X) 5π

Y: Y) 8π

Z: Z) 10π

Answer: Y) Y) 8π

BONUS math phrase

Two dice are tossed. What is the probability that both results are five or higher?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 1/9

TOSS-UP phys phrase

What scientist first proposed that energy is quantized in order to explain the emission spectrum of a black body?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Max Planck

BONUS phys multiple_choice

Which of the following can be said about a single, unchanging mass M that is moving at a constant speed? W) The object's kinetic energy is a constant X) No outside forces act on the object Y) The object's potential energy is a constant Z) No internal forces act on the object

W: W) The object's kinetic energy is a constant

X: X) No outside forces act on the object

Y: Y) The object's potential energy is a constant

Z: Z) No internal forces act on the object

Answer: W) W) The object's kinetic energy is a constant

TOSS-UP energy multiple_choice

What country is the world’s largest producer of natural gas? W) Austria X) United States Y) Russia Z) Kazakhstan

W: W) Austria

X: X) United States

Y: Y) Russia

Z: Z) Kazakhstan

Answer: X) X) United States

BONUS energy multiple_choice

In 2014, the United States and China agreed to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions. The US agreed to reduce emissions from the 2005 level by 2025 by what percentage range? W) 12–14 X) 19–21 Y) 26–28 Z) 33–35

W: W) 12–14

X: X) 19–21

Y: Y) 26–28

Z: Z) 33–35

Answer: Y) Y) 26–28

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

In what geologic era did dinosaurs live? W) Jurassic X) Paleozoic Y) Mesozoic Z) Cenozoic

W: W) Jurassic

X: X) Paleozoic

Y: Y) Mesozoic

Z: Z) Cenozoic

Answer: Y) Y) Mesozoic

BONUS ess multiselect

From the following four measurements made on a collection of stars, identify the two that can be plotted against each other to create an H-R diagram: 1) Absolute magnitude; 2) Age; 3) Temperature; 4) Mass.

Choices:

  • Absolute magnitude
  • Age
  • Temperature
  • Mass

Correct Answers:

  • 1
  • 3

TOSS-UP phys phrase

What is the term for the minimum amount of energy required to remove an electron from an atom in the gaseous phase?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Ionization energy

BONUS phys multiple_choice

Which of the following is a rare earth metal? W) Lutetium X) Gallium Y) Bismuth Z) Osmium

W: W) Lutetium

X: X) Gallium

Y: Y) Bismuth

Z: Z) Osmium

Answer: W) W) Lutetium

TOSS-UP bio phrase

What type of symbiosis benefits both organisms involved?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Mutualism

BONUS bio phrase

Monocytes develop into what phagocytic cells?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Macrophages
  • Mononuclear phagocytes, Dendritic cells

TOSS-UP energy multiple_choice

Which of the following elements is commonly used to control the chain reaction inside the reactor vessel of a nuclear power plant? W) Boron X) Nitrogen Y) Hydrogen Z) Carbon

W: W) Boron

X: X) Nitrogen

Y: Y) Hydrogen

Z: Z) Carbon

Answer: W) W) Boron

BONUS energy multiple_choice

Which of the following types of coal has the highest carbon content? W) Anthracite X) Lignite Y) Sub-bituminous Z) Bituminous

W: W) Anthracite

X: X) Lignite

Y: Y) Sub-bituminous

Z: Z) Bituminous

Answer: W) W) Anthracite

TOSS-UP math phrase

What is the multiplicative inverse of $$-\frac{1}{5}$$?

Acceptable Answers:

  • -5

BONUS math phrase

You are going to meet a friend at a skate park that is 4 miles from your house. You will ride your bike at a constant rate of 10 miles per hour. Your friend lives 1.5 miles from the skate park and will walk at a constant rate of 3 miles per hour. If each of you starts from your respective houses, how many minutes before you leave should your friend leave, so that you meet at the skate park at the same time?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 6

TOSS-UP general multiple_choice

Which of the following is true about your area if a weather watch is issued? W) A weather hazard may develop X) There is a weather hazard forming Y) There is an active weather hazard with potential for significant damage Z) A weather hazard has caused significant damage

W: W) A weather hazard may develop

X: X) There is a weather hazard forming

Y: Y) There is an active weather hazard with potential for significant damage

Z: Z) A weather hazard has caused significant damage

Answer: W) W) A weather hazard may develop

BONUS general multiple_choice

A biology teacher is working with bacterial cultures in class and does not properly seal the inoculated samples. This poses the highest health risk for which of the following groups of students? W) Students who have not been immunized X) Students with autoimmune disorders Y) The youngest students Z) All of the students equally

W: W) Students who have not been immunized

X: X) Students with autoimmune disorders

Y: Y) The youngest students

Z: Z) All of the students equally

Answer: X) X) Students with autoimmune disorders

TOSS-UP math phrase

What is the leading coefficient of the polynomial $$x^4 - 2x^2 - 2x + 4$$?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 1

BONUS math phrase

How many positive integers less than 300 are divisible by 3 but not by 21?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 85

TOSS-UP phys phrase

What idealized object absorbs all radiation directed at it and emits all of its energy in the form of electromagnetic radiation?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Black body

BONUS phys multiple_choice

Which of the following is an extensive property of a material? W) Temperature X) Volume Y) Electrical conductivity Z) Density

W: W) Temperature

X: X) Volume

Y: Y) Electrical conductivity

Z: Z) Density

Answer: X) X) Volume

TOSS-UP ess phrase

What is the equivalent of the Aurora Borealis in the Southern hemisphere?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Aurora Australis
  • Southern Lights

BONUS ess multiple_choice

Which of the following is closest to the number of major and minor tectonic plates into which Earth's lithosphere is divided? W) 5 X) 15 Y) 25 Z) 35

W: W) 5

X: X) 15

Y: Y) 25

Z: Z) 35

Answer: X) X) 15

TOSS-UP bio phrase

Rickets is caused by a deficiency of what vitamin?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Vitamin D

BONUS bio multiple_choice

A small population of native red-backed salamanders is migrating downhill towards a vernal pool. Along the way, half of the population is lost while crossing a road. This would possibly lead to which of the following outcomes? W) Genetic drift X) More competition among members of the population Y) Increased body size Z) Stationary individuals that do not migrate to vernal pools

W: W) Genetic drift

X: X) More competition among members of the population

Y: Y) Increased body size

Z: Z) Stationary individuals that do not migrate to vernal pools

Answer: W) W) Genetic drift

TOSS-UP math phrase

In which quadrant does the point $$(3, -4)$$ lie?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Fourth

BONUS math phrase

If a $15^\circ$ sector of a circle has area $$20\pi$$, then, to the nearest whole number, what is the radius of the circle?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 22