HS Sample Set 9, Round 9 from NSB

Questions in Packet

TOSS-UP phys phrase

A difference of 10 decibels corresponds to what ratio of sound intensities?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 10
  • 10:1

BONUS phys phrase

A battery produces an electrical current of 100 milliamps when connected to a circuit with a resistance of 60 Ohms. The battery is then connected to a 250 millifarad capacitor. How many joules of energy are stored by the capacitor?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 4.5

TOSS-UP math phrase

In a triple-elimination tournament with 512 contestants, what is the maximum number of games played if there are no ties?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 1535

BONUS math multiple_choice

A square ABCD has a side length of 10. Point E lies on BC and the area of triangle ABE is 40. What is the length of BE? W) 5 X) 6 Y) 7 Z) 8

W: W) 5

X: X) 6

Y: Y) 7

Z: Z) 8

Answer: Z) Z) 8

TOSS-UP energy multiple_choice

A force is conservative when the work done by the force: W) On a closed path is zero X) On an open path is zero Y) Is dependent on the path Z) Conserves energy

W: W) On a closed path is zero

X: X) On an open path is zero

Y: Y) Is dependent on the path

Z: Z) Conserves energy

Answer: W) W) On a closed path is zero

BONUS energy phrase

Consider 0.5 moles of an ideal gas undergoing isobaric expansion from 253 K to 353 K. Assuming the ideal gas constant is 8.314 J·mol⁻¹·K⁻¹, how much work, in joules rounded to the nearest tenth, is done by the gas?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 415.7

TOSS-UP ess phrase

On a weather map, what type of front is represented by a line with red semicircles extending from one side?

Acceptable Answers:

  • WARM FRONT

BONUS ess phrase

What are the two most abundant elements in the Earth’s crust?

Acceptable Answers:

  • OXYGEN AND SILICON

TOSS-UP bio phrase

What chemical element, that occurs in various forms, is used as a mordant in Gram testing, is used to detect sugar in Lugol’s solution, and is required for proper thyroid function?

Acceptable Answers:

  • IODINE

BONUS bio phrase

What specific cell type in the stomach is responsible for production of hydrochloric acid in response to stimulation by gastrin?

Acceptable Answers:

  • PARIETAL CELLS

TOSS-UP chem phrase

What is the chemical formula of baking soda?

Acceptable Answers:

  • NaHCO₃

BONUS chem multiple_choice

Which of the following elements can stably bond with three atoms, leaving it with an empty p orbital? W) Sulfur X) Oxygen Y) Boron Z) Helium

W: W) Sulfur

X: X) Oxygen

Y: Y) Boron

Z: Z) Helium

Answer: Y) Y) Boron

TOSS-UP phys phrase

If a particle’s position is defined by the functions x = cos t and y = sin t, what conic section describes the overall shape of the particle’s path?

Acceptable Answers:

  • CIRCLE

BONUS phys phrase

A 6 kg box slides from rest down a frictionless ramp inclined at 30°. If the box descends a vertical height of 1.20 m, to the nearest meter per second, what is its speed at the bottom?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 5

TOSS-UP energy multiple_choice

Which of the following is the primary form through which energy is stored in the liver? W) Triglycerides X) Glucose Y) Amylose Z) Glycogen

W: W) Triglycerides

X: X) Glucose

Y: Y) Amylose

Z: Z) Glycogen

Answer: Z) Z) Glycogen

BONUS energy phrase

Betz’s Law is used to determine the theoretical power captured by a turbine for what natural resource?

Acceptable Answers:

  • WIND

TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

MRSA is an infection by which of the following? W) A rod-shaped bacterium X) A rigid helical bacterium Y) A non-rigid helical bacterium Z) A spherical bacterium

W: W) A rod-shaped bacterium

X: X) A rigid helical bacterium

Y: Y) A non-rigid helical bacterium

Z: Z) A spherical bacterium

Answer: Z) Z) A spherical bacterium

BONUS bio phrase

What type of intercellular junction binds intestinal epithelia so that fluids will not seep between them?

Acceptable Answers:

  • TIGHT JUNCTION

TOSS-UP phys phrase

For a Ferris wheel that rotates clockwise, what are the directions of the centripetal acceleration and the linear velocity of a cart at the top of the wheel?

Acceptable Answers:

  • DOWN AND RIGHT

BONUS phys phrase

What is the name of the experiment conducted in the early 1900’s in which electrons were directed at a crystal and then scattered, yielding a wavelength that agreed with the de Broglie formula?

Acceptable Answers:

  • DAVISSON–GERMER EXPERIMENT

TOSS-UP math multiple_choice

How many values of x satisfy the equation \[ x - 2 \;=\;\frac{2x^2 - 8x}{x^2 - 4x}? \] W) Zero X) One Y) Two Z) Three

W: W) Zero

X: X) One

Y: Y) Two

Z: Z) Three

Answer: W) W) Zero

BONUS math phrase

If July had five Mondays, August must have had five of what day?

Acceptable Answers:

  • THURSDAY

TOSS-UP chem multiple_choice

Which of the following statements regarding reaction intermediates is true? W) There is precisely one reaction intermediate in a one-step reaction X) Reaction intermediates are local minima on the reaction-coordinate diagram Y) Reaction intermediates are synonymous with activated complexes Z) The concentrations of reaction intermediates cannot influence reaction rate

W: W) There is precisely one reaction intermediate in a one-step reaction

X: X) Reaction intermediates are local minima on the reaction-coordinate diagram

Y: Y) Reaction intermediates are synonymous with activated complexes

Z: Z) The concentrations of reaction intermediates cannot influence reaction rate

Answer: X) X) Reaction intermediates are local minima on the reaction-coordinate diagram

BONUS chem multiple_choice

Which of the following compounds is produced by the Haber process? W) Sulfuric acid X) Ammonia Y) Sulfur dioxide Z) Nitric acid

W: W) Sulfuric acid

X: X) Ammonia

Y: Y) Sulfur dioxide

Z: Z) Nitric acid

Answer: X) X) Ammonia

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

Which of the following types of lava flows results when a volcano erupts underwater? W) Pahoehoe lava X) A’a lava Y) Pillow lava Z) Block lava

W: W) Pahoehoe lava

X: X) A’a lava

Y: Y) Pillow lava

Z: Z) Block lava

Answer: Y) Y) Pillow lava

BONUS ess multiple_choice

In which city would you be able to see cirrus clouds at an altitude of 3,000 m above the surface? W) Ft. Lauderdale, Florida X) Honolulu, Hawaii Y) Barrow, Alaska Z) New York, New York

W: W) Ft. Lauderdale, Florida

X: X) Honolulu, Hawaii

Y: Y) Barrow, Alaska

Z: Z) New York, New York

Answer: Y) Y) Barrow, Alaska

TOSS-UP bio multiselect

Identify all of the following three compounds that one would find in an animal cell: 1) D-glucose; 2) L-alanine; 3) L-trehalose.

Choices:

  • D-glucose
  • L-alanine
  • L-trehalose

Correct Answers:

  • 1
  • 2

BONUS bio multiple_choice

Which of the following is not true regarding the development of multicellular organisms? W) Homeotic genes control pattern formation in the late embryo X) Proto-oncogenes are often involved in regulation of the cell cycle Y) Mutations in proto-oncogenes prevent cancer Z) Mutations in tumor suppressor genes often result in cancer

W: W) Homeotic genes control pattern formation in the late embryo

X: X) Proto-oncogenes are often involved in regulation of the cell cycle

Y: Y) Mutations in proto-oncogenes prevent cancer

Z: Z) Mutations in tumor suppressor genes often result in cancer

Answer: Y) Y) Mutations in proto-oncogenes prevent cancer

TOSS-UP chem multiple_choice

An aqueous solution of silver nitrate is added to an aqueous solution of potassium iodide. Which species will not appear in the net ionic equation? W) Aqueous silver ions X) Aqueous nitrate ions Y) Solid silver iodide Z) Aqueous iodide ions

W: W) Aqueous silver ions

X: X) Aqueous nitrate ions

Y: Y) Solid silver iodide

Z: Z) Aqueous iodide ions

Answer: X) X) Aqueous nitrate ions

BONUS chem multiple_choice

At which of the following pH values is zinc hydroxide likely to be most soluble? W) 2 X) 4 Y) 6 Z) 8

W: W) 2

X: X) 4

Y: Y) 6

Z: Z) 8

Answer: W) W) 2

TOSS-UP math multiple_choice

Which of the following functions will have its $n$th derivative equal to 0 over its entire domain for sufficiently large $n$? W) $f(x) = x^{100} + \sin x$ X) $f(x) = x - x^{-1}$ Y) $f(x) = x^{1001} + x^{1000} + \dots + x^2 + x$ Z) $f(x) = \ln x - x^2$

W: W) $f(x) = x^{100} + \sin x$

X: X) $f(x) = x - x^{-1}$

Y: Y) $f(x) = x^{1001} + x^{1000} + \dots + x^2 + x$

Z: Z) $f(x) = \ln x - x^2$

Answer: Y) Y) $f(x) = x^{1001} + x^{1000} + \dots + x^2 + x$

BONUS math multiple_choice

The values of $y$ that satisfy the system \[ 2x^2 + 6x + 5y + 1 = 0,\quad 2x + y + 3 = 0 \] can be found by solving which equation? W) $y^2 + 14y - 7 = 0$ X) $y^2 + 10y - 7 = 0$ Y) $y^2 + 8y + 1 = 0$ Z) $y^2 + y - 12 = 0$

W: W) $y^2 + 14y - 7 = 0$

X: X) $y^2 + 10y - 7 = 0$

Y: Y) $y^2 + 8y + 1 = 0$

Z: Z) $y^2 + y - 12 = 0$

Answer: X) X) $y^2 + 10y - 7 = 0$

TOSS-UP ess phrase

Using carbon-14 decay to determine the date of a material is an example of what technique?

Acceptable Answers:

  • RADIOCARBON DATING
  • RADIOMETRIC DATING
  • RADIOACTIVE DATING
  • CARBON DATING

BONUS ess multiple_choice

If you are located at 40° North latitude, when will the Sun appear directly overhead? W) Never X) Once a year Y) Twice a year Z) Four times a year

W: W) Never

X: X) Once a year

Y: Y) Twice a year

Z: Z) Four times a year

Answer: W) W) Never

TOSS-UP energy multiple_choice

A gas expands isothermally against a vacuum (external pressure = 0). Which of the following statements is not true? W) $\Delta E = 0$ X) $\Delta H = 0$ Y) $\Delta S = 0$ Z) No work is done by the gas

W: W) $\Delta E = 0$

X: X) $\Delta H = 0$

Y: Y) $\Delta S = 0$

Z: Z) No work is done by the gas

Answer: Y) Y) $\Delta S = 0$

BONUS energy phrase

By what factor will the net power radiated by a spherical blackbody be multiplied when its temperature is tripled?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 81

TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

Which of the following types of animal viruses is responsible for hepatitis C? W) Papovirus X) Adenovirus Y) Retrovirus Z) Flavivirus

W: W) Papovirus

X: X) Adenovirus

Y: Y) Retrovirus

Z: Z) Flavivirus

Answer: Z) Z) Flavivirus

BONUS bio multiple_choice

Which of the following is true regarding neural crest cells in the amphibian embryo? W) They induce formation of the notochord X) They develop into the main sections of the brain Y) They produce cells that migrate to form teeth and skull bones in the embryo Z) They roll up and form the neural tube

W: W) They induce formation of the notochord

X: X) They develop into the main sections of the brain

Y: Y) They produce cells that migrate to form teeth and skull bones in the embryo

Z: Z) They roll up and form the neural tube

Answer: Y) Y) They produce cells that migrate to form teeth and skull bones in the embryo

TOSS-UP phys multiple_choice

A positively charged tabletop may be approximated as an infinite plane producing a uniform electric field. A positively charged metal sphere levitates above it. Which parameter may be varied without upsetting the balance between gravity and electrostatic repulsion? W) The mass of the sphere X) The radius of the sphere Y) The charge of the sphere Z) The strength of the table’s field

W: W) The mass of the sphere

X: X) The radius of the sphere

Y: Y) The charge of the sphere

Z: Z) The strength of the table’s field

Answer: X) X) The radius of the sphere

BONUS phys multiselect

A loop conductor lies partially in a magnetic field. Identify all changes that would produce a change in the magnetic flux: 1) Increase the strength of the magnetic field 2) Rotate the conductor, changing its angle with the field 3) Increase the area of the conductor in the field

Choices:

  • Increase the strength of the magnetic field
  • Rotate the conductor, changing its angle with the magnetic field
  • Increase the area of the conductor in the field

Correct Answers:

  • 1
  • 2
  • 3

TOSS-UP chem phrase

A student sees many side products on a silica TLC plate and decides to run column chromatography with the same mobile phase. What stationary phase should she use to most closely match the TLC conditions?

Acceptable Answers:

  • SILICA
  • SILICON DIOXIDE

BONUS chem multiple_choice

According to molecular orbital theory, what is the bond order of ozone? W) 1 X) 1.5 Y) 2 Z) 2.5

W: W) 1

X: X) 1.5

Y: Y) 2

Z: Z) 2.5

Answer: X) X) 1.5

TOSS-UP ess phrase

What term describes snow left over from the previous year that is intermediate between snow and glacial ice?

Acceptable Answers:

  • FIRN

BONUS ess phrase

For every 10 °C increase, by how many degrees does the temperature increase on the Fahrenheit scale?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 18

TOSS-UP math phrase

Evaluate the limit as $n\to\infty$ of the sequence whose $n$th term is $\displaystyle \frac{n^2}{3^n}$.

Acceptable Answers:

  • 0

BONUS math phrase

What is the sum of the digits of the square of 111\,111\,111?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 81