HS Sample Set 5, Round 4 from NSB

Questions in Packet

TOSS-UP phys multiple_choice

Which of the following conditions is necessary and sufficient for an object in equilibrium? W) It is at rest X) It is moving with constant velocity Y) It is either moving with constant velocity or with constant acceleration Z) It is moving with constant acceleration

W: W) It is at rest

X: X) It is moving with constant velocity

Y: Y) It is either moving with constant velocity or with constant acceleration

Z: Z) It is moving with constant acceleration

Answer: X) X) It is moving with constant velocity

BONUS phys phrase

An object with a mass of 1 gram is whirled in a horizontal circle with a radius of 0.5 meters at a constant speed of 2 meters per second. What is the work done on the object, in joules, during one revolution?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 0

TOSS-UP ess phrase

What theory states that our solar system formed from the compression of a giant, swirling cloud of gas and dust?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Nebular

BONUS ess order

By name or number, order the following three events from earliest to latest as two air masses of different densities develop into a mid-latitude cyclone: 1) Cyclonic circulation; 2) Wave development; 3) Front development.

Choices:

  • Cyclonic circulation
  • Wave development
  • Front development

Correct Order:

  • 3
  • 2
  • 1

TOSS-UP phys multiple_choice

Which of the following will INCREASE the current from a solar panel? W) Using a lead acid cell in series with the solar cells X) Using a wet cell in series with the solar cells Y) Connecting the solar cells in series Z) Connecting the solar cells in parallel

W: W) Using a lead acid cell in series with the solar cells

X: X) Using a wet cell in series with the solar cells

Y: Y) Connecting the solar cells in series

Z: Z) Connecting the solar cells in parallel

Answer: Z) Z) Connecting the solar cells in parallel

BONUS phys phrase

Given a DC circuit with a voltage source delivering 20 volts and a circuit resistance of 5 kiloohms, what is the value of the current in amperes?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 0.004

TOSS-UP energy multiple_choice

An RLC circuit must contain all of the following, EXCEPT: W) A capacitor X) An inductor Y) A diode Z) A resistor

W: W) A capacitor

X: X) An inductor

Y: Y) A diode

Z: Z) A resistor

Answer: Y) Y) A diode

BONUS energy multiselect

By name or number, identify all of the following four factors that directly affect the amount of electricity generated from hydroelectric dams: 1) Water temperature; 2) Flow; 3) Head; 4) Time of day.

Choices:

  • Water temperature
  • Flow
  • Head
  • Time of day

Correct Answers:

  • 2
  • 3

TOSS-UP math multiple_choice

A line with the equation y = cx + c, where c is a non-zero real number, must intersect which of the following? W) Positive x-axis X) Positive y-axis Y) Negative x-axis Z) Negative y-axis

W: W) Positive x-axis

X: X) Positive y-axis

Y: Y) Negative x-axis

Z: Z) Negative y-axis

Answer: Y) Y) Negative x-axis

BONUS math phrase

Find the slope of the line tangent to the parametric curve at the given point: x = e^t, y = ln t at t = 1.

Acceptable Answers:

  • 1/e

TOSS-UP ess phrase

Name the three layers of the Sun’s atmosphere.

Acceptable Answers:

  • Photosphere; Chromosphere; Corona

BONUS ess phrase

The region around Sweden has undergone elastic strain due to pressure from ancient ice cover. What will happen to the elevation of this region over the next 10,000 years?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Increase

TOSS-UP phys multiple_choice

Neglecting the effect of air resistance, a stone dropped off of a 197-meter high building lands on the ground at which of the following approximate times in seconds? W) 3 X) 4 Y) 6 Z) 18

W: W) 3

X: X) 4

Y: Y) 6

Z: Z) 18

Answer: Y) Y) 6

BONUS phys phrase

A capacitor has a very large capacitance of 10 farads and is charged by placing a potential difference of 2 volts between its plates. How much energy in joules is stored in the capacitor?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 20

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

Which of the following BEST describes how planets are distinguishable from stars in the night sky? W) Planets appear brighter than stars X) Planets appear redder than stars Y) Planets appear bigger than stars Z) Planets have periods of retrograde motion while stars do not

W: W) Planets appear brighter than stars

X: X) Planets appear redder than stars

Y: Y) Planets appear bigger than stars

Z: Z) Planets have periods of retrograde motion while stars do not

Answer: Z) Z) Planets have periods of retrograde motion while stars do not

BONUS ess phrase

What unit equal to 0.01 millimeters thickness at STP is used to measure Earth’s atmospheric ozone layer?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Dobson unit

TOSS-UP energy multiple_choice

Which of the following statements is NOT true about the current electricity system in the United States? W) It is 99.7% reliable X) It consists of more than 9,000 electric generating units Y) It has more than 1,000,000 megawatts of generating capacity Z) It is largely decentralized

W: W) It is 99.7% reliable

X: X) It consists of more than 9,000 electric generating units

Y: Y) It has more than 1,000,000 megawatts of generating capacity

Z: Z) It is largely decentralized

Answer: Z) Z) It is largely decentralized

BONUS energy phrase

Taking the latent heat of fusion to be 80 calories per gram, how much energy, in kilocalories, does it take to bring 10 grams of ice at 0° Celsius to liquid water at 20° Celsius?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 1

TOSS-UP bio phrase

Insect symbionts are represented in all EXCEPT which of the following three groups: 1) bacteria; 2) fungi; 3) animals?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Animals

BONUS bio multiselect

By name or number, list all of the following four pollinators that are members of the order Hymenoptera: 1) Ruby-throated hummingbird; 2) Monarch butterfly; 3) Green bottle fly; 4) Honey bee.

Choices:

  • Ruby-throated hummingbird
  • Monarch butterfly
  • Green bottle fly
  • Honey bee

Correct Answers:

  • 4

TOSS-UP math phrase

What is the numerical value of 1152?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 13225

BONUS math phrase

What is the coefficient corresponding to x³ in the binomial expansion of (x + 2)⁵?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 40

TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

Which of the following is NOT synthesized by the human liver? W) Hemoglobin X) Fibrinogen Y) Albumin Z) Lipoprotein

W: W) Hemoglobin

X: X) Fibrinogen

Y: Y) Albumin

Z: Z) Lipoprotein

Answer: W) W) Hemoglobin

BONUS bio multiselect

By name or number, give all of the following five choices that are components of bile in vertebrates: 1) Water; 2) Cholesterol; 3) Lymph; 4) Bilirubin; 5) Amylase.

Choices:

  • Water
  • Cholesterol
  • Lymph
  • Bilirubin
  • Amylase

Correct Answers:

  • 1
  • 2
  • 4

TOSS-UP energy phrase

As the grade of coal increases, how do the concentrations of carbon and sulfur change, respectively?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Carbon increases and sulfur decreases

BONUS energy phrase

If burned over the course of a minute, providing your answer to the nearest ten, about how many kilowatts of power would a pound of human fat release?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 240
  • 250, 260, 270, 280, 290

TOSS-UP phys phrase

What is the phrase that refers to the energy required by an incident photon to cause the photoelectric effect?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Work function

BONUS phys multiselect

By name or number, identify all of the following four household items that make use of the Bernoulli principle: 1) Refrigerator; 2) Can opener; 3) Washing machine; 4) Vacuum cleaner.

Choices:

  • Refrigerator
  • Can opener
  • Washing machine
  • Vacuum cleaner

Correct Answers:

  • 4

TOSS-UP bio phrase

Name the plant tissue beneath the epidermis that makes up the cells that surround a stoma.

Acceptable Answers:

  • Parenchyma

BONUS bio multiple_choice

Mineral salts participate in enzymatic activity as which of the following? W) Co‐factors X) Activators Y) Stabilizers Z) Catalysts

W: W) Co‐factors

X: X) Activators

Y: Y) Stabilizers

Z: Z) Catalysts

Answer: W) W) Co‐factors

TOSS-UP math multiple_choice

Which of the following statements is NOT true about Taylor series? W) Taylor series are defined for infinitely differentiable functions X) All Taylor series are power series Y) All Taylor series are convergent Z) The first n terms of a Taylor series approximate a function with a polynomial

W: W) Taylor series are defined for infinitely differentiable functions

X: X) All Taylor series are power series

Y: Y) All Taylor series are convergent

Z: Z) The first n terms of a Taylor series approximate a function with a polynomial

Answer: Y) Y) All Taylor series are convergent

BONUS math phrase

Considering the function f(x) = 3x² – 4x + 1, what is the average rate of change from x = 2 to x = 5?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 17

TOSS-UP chem multiple_choice

Which of the following statements is TRUE of ceramics? W) They are homogeneous X) They are heterogeneous Y) They are chelates Z) They are a form of glass

W: W) They are homogeneous

X: X) They are heterogeneous

Y: Y) They are chelates

Z: Z) They are a form of glass

Answer: X) X) They are heterogeneous

BONUS chem multiple_choice

Which of the following elements has the valence electron configuration of 3s²3p³? W) Phosphorus X) Oxygen Y) Bromine Z) Nitrogen

W: W) Phosphorus

X: X) Oxygen

Y: Y) Bromine

Z: Z) Nitrogen

Answer: W) W) Phosphorus

TOSS-UP ess phrase

What term is often used to describe a winter storm that strikes the East Coast of the United States, involving a low pressure system that picks up moisture from the ocean and often dumps snow on land?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Nor’easter

BONUS ess phrase

What optical device completely eliminates chromatic aberration in telescopes?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Curved mirrors
  • Mirrors

TOSS-UP chem multiple_choice

Which of the following represents the electron-pair geometry of the central oxygen atom of ozone? W) Linear X) Trigonal planar Y) Tetrahedral Z) Trigonal bipyramidal

W: W) Linear

X: X) Trigonal planar

Y: Y) Tetrahedral

Z: Z) Trigonal bipyramidal

Answer: X) X) Trigonal planar

BONUS chem phrase

Within a single atom, what is the maximum number of electrons that can fit in an atomic shell defined by the quantum numbers n = 3 and l = 2?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 10

TOSS-UP bio phrase

One group of carbohydrates is known as polyhydroxylated aldehydes. By what other term is this group described?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Aldose

BONUS bio phrase

Bacteria depend on cell membrane lipids to provide structure and stability. What physical environmental factor is most likely to cause these membranes to lose stability?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Temperature

TOSS-UP chem phrase

What is the IUPAC name for SnCl₂ · 6H₂O?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Tin (II) chloride hexahydrate

BONUS chem multiselect

By name or number, list all of the following five substances that are NOT Newtonian fluids: 1) Gasoline; 2) Yogurt; 3) Water; 4) Blood; 5) Ketchup.

Choices:

  • Gasoline
  • Yogurt
  • Water
  • Blood
  • Ketchup

Correct Answers:

  • 2
  • 4
  • 5

TOSS-UP math multiple_choice

Which of the following statements is NOT an advantage of a repeated-measures design compared to an independent-measures design to compare two treatment conditions? W) It requires fewer subjects X) It is better suited to study development that takes place over time Y) It reduces problems caused by individual differences Z) It reduces the confounding effects of other factors

W: W) It requires fewer subjects

X: X) It is better suited to study development that takes place over time

Y: Y) It reduces problems caused by individual differences

Z: Z) It reduces the confounding effects of other factors

Answer: Z) Z) It reduces the confounding effects of other factors

BONUS math phrase

The linear function y = f(x) contains the two points (2, 1) and (5, 8). In simplest form, what is f(13)?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 80/3

TOSS-UP math phrase

A population has a mean of 73 and a standard deviation of 8. If the distribution is standardized to create a new distribution with a mean of 100 and a standard deviation of 20, what is the new value of a score of 65 from the original distribution?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 80

BONUS math phrase

What are, respectively, the amplitude, period, horizontal shift, and vertical shift of $$y = -5 + 7\cos\!\bigl(\tfrac{\pi}{6}(x + \tfrac{\pi}{12})\bigr)\;?$$

Acceptable Answers:

  • Amplitude = 7; Period = 12; Horizontal shift = –π/12; Vertical shift = –5

TOSS-UP bio phrase

If a person suffers an injury and is no longer able to walk but the heart was not affected, which peripheral nervous system component is most likely to have been damaged?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Somatic (somatomotor) system

BONUS bio phrase

What is the technical name of the process, usually occurring in the fall, through which deciduous plants systematically shed their leaves?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Abscission

TOSS-UP chem multiple_choice

Which of the following can bond to a metal ion? W) Ligand X) Lewis acid Y) Brønsted–Lowry acid Z) Enantiomer

W: W) Ligand

X: X) Lewis acid

Y: Y) Brønsted–Lowry acid

Z: Z) Enantiomer

Answer: W) W) Ligand

BONUS chem phrase

How many milliliters of 0.75 M HCl are required to completely neutralize 25.0 mL of 0.15 M Ba(OH)₂?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 10 mL