MS Sample Set 4, Round 13 from NSB

Questions in Packet

TOSS-UP energy multiple_choice

Which one of the following is an issue of power quality? W) Connecting an alarm clock to a battery X) Voltage provided to a blood pressure monitor used in hospitals that is higher than what it should be for long periods of time Y) Wasting nuclear energy produced by nuclear power plants Z) Connecting a ceiling fan to a power outlet

W: W) Connecting an alarm clock to a battery

X: X) Voltage provided to a blood pressure monitor used in hospitals that is higher than what it should be for long periods of time

Y: Y) Wasting nuclear energy produced by nuclear power plants

Z: Z) Connecting a ceiling fan to a power outlet

Answer: X) X) Voltage provided to a blood pressure monitor used in hospitals that is higher than what it should be for long periods of time

BONUS energy phrase

For an outlet with a voltage of 120, calculate the voltage in volts if the voltage is 30% over the usual value.

Acceptable Answers:

  • 156

TOSS-UP phys multiple_choice

If you shine unpolarized light through a polarizing filter, the light that exits the filter is: W) Half as intense X) Equally as intense Y) Dispersed into many colors Z) Scattered in all directions

W: W) Half as intense

X: X) Equally as intense

Y: Y) Dispersed into many colors

Z: Z) Scattered in all directions

Answer: W) W) Half as intense

BONUS phys phrase

If you shine white light through two linear polarizing filters that have their directions of polarizations perpendicular to one another, what will you observe about the light at the other end?

Acceptable Answers:

  • No light
  • Nothing

TOSS-UP general multiselect

By words or numbers, name all of the following that are organs in the human digestive system: 1) Pancreas; 2) Jejunum; 3) Duodenum; 4) Bladder.

Choices:

  • Pancreas
  • Jejunum
  • Duodenum
  • Bladder

Correct Answers:

  • 1
  • 2
  • 3

BONUS general phrase

Name the body system to which the trachea belongs.

Acceptable Answers:

  • Respiratory

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

Greenhouse gases heat the atmosphere by allowing sunlight to pass through while trapping heat. Which of the following planets does NOT have an atmosphere that contains greenhouse gases? W) Earth X) Venus Y) Mars Z) Mercury

W: W) Earth

X: X) Venus

Y: Y) Mars

Z: Z) Mercury

Answer: Z) Z) Mercury

BONUS ess multiple_choice

Which of the following statements is NOT true about Mercury? W) Mercury is the second densest planet in the solar system X) Mercury travels around the Sun faster than any other planet Y) Mercury has no magnetic field Z) Mercury has been visited by spacecraft

W: W) Mercury is the second densest planet in the solar system

X: X) Mercury travels around the Sun faster than any other planet

Y: Y) Mercury has no magnetic field

Z: Z) Mercury has been visited by spacecraft

Answer: Y) Y) Mercury has no magnetic field

TOSS-UP math phrase

What is the smallest angle, in degrees, formed by the intersection of the lines $y = 2$ and $y = x + 3$?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 45

BONUS math phrase

What is the equation, in slope–intercept form, of the line perpendicular to the line $y = 3x + 4$ that passes through the point $(-5, 7)$?

Acceptable Answers:

  • $y = x + 5$
  • $y = x + 5$

TOSS-UP phys multiple_choice

Soundtracks of space movies frequently have sounds of ships exploding or whizzing through space. Why is this an inaccurate depiction of space? W) Sound waves are distorted in space so everything would sound like it was under water X) Sound cannot travel through a vacuum Y) Everything would have a very high pitch in space Z) Space vibrations would muffle the explosions

W: W) Sound waves are distorted in space so everything would sound like it was under water

X: X) Sound cannot travel through a vacuum

Y: Y) Everything would have a very high pitch in space

Z: Z) Space vibrations would muffle the explosions

Answer: X) X) Sound cannot travel through a vacuum

BONUS phys multiple_choice

Matilda plays an instrument which produces a higher pitch than the instrument her friend Matt plays. What can we say about the sound waves of Matilda’s music? W) Matilda’s wave peaks are farther apart than Matt’s X) Both Matilda and Matt’s sound waves have the same wavelength, but Matilda’s travel slower Y) Matilda’s wave peaks are closer together than Matt’s Z) Both Matilda and Matt’s sound waves have the same wavelength, but Matilda’s travel faster

W: W) Matilda’s wave peaks are farther apart than Matt’s

X: X) Both Matilda and Matt’s sound waves have the same wavelength, but Matilda’s travel slower

Y: Y) Matilda’s wave peaks are closer together than Matt’s

Z: Z) Both Matilda and Matt’s sound waves have the same wavelength, but Matilda’s travel faster

Answer: Y) Y) Matilda’s wave peaks are closer together than Matt’s

TOSS-UP bio phrase

How many common amino acids are there?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 20

BONUS bio phrase

Name the first amino acid encoded by all eukaryotic mRNAs.

Acceptable Answers:

  • Methionine

TOSS-UP math phrase

Simplify $y^2 \, y^{-3}$.

Acceptable Answers:

  • $y^{-1}$
  • $1/y$

BONUS math phrase

How many subsets does the set $\{a, b, c, d\}$ have?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 16

TOSS-UP energy multiple_choice

Which of the following sectors is the most important factor in assessing future trends in demand for liquid fuels? W) World carbon dioxide emissions X) Transportation Y) Residential buildings Z) Commercial buildings

W: W) World carbon dioxide emissions

X: X) Transportation

Y: Y) Residential buildings

Z: Z) Commercial buildings

Answer: X) X) Transportation

BONUS energy phrase

In 2009, the state of Tennessee had the greatest average residential electricity consumption of 1,248 kWh per month at an average retail price of about \$0.09 per kWh. The state of Hawaii had the highest average retail price of about \$0.24 per kWh and an average residential electricity consumption of 617 kWh per month. Giving your answer to the nearest dollar, how much more, on average, was the monthly electricity bill in Hawaii than in Tennessee?

Acceptable Answers:

  • \$36

TOSS-UP phys phrase

What type of reaction absorbs energy?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Endothermic

BONUS phys phrase

If a superconductor’s temperature rises above its critical point, the superconductor transitions back to a regular conductor with resistance. If this occurred, and a conductor had a resistance of 1 Ω, what voltage would drive 2 A of current through the conductor?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 2 V

TOSS-UP math multiple_choice

Which of the following values is smallest? W) 200 X) $(-16)^2$ Y) $14^2$ Z) $(120/8)^2$

W: W) 200

X: X) $(-16)^2$

Y: Y) $14^2$

Z: Z) $(120/8)^2$

Answer: Y) Y) $14^2$

BONUS math phrase

The radius of the Earth is approximately $6.4\times10^6$ m. Giving your answer in scientific notation with one significant digit, what is the surface area of Earth in square meters?

Acceptable Answers:

  • $5\times10^{14}$

TOSS-UP bio phrase

In which kingdom could you find an eukaryotic heterotroph with cell walls?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Fungi or Protista
  • Fungi
  • Protista

BONUS bio multiple_choice

Which of the following statements is NOT true about slime mold? W) It is a fungus X) It can move Y) It lacks chitin in its cell walls Z) It ingests food

W: W) It is a fungus

X: X) It can move

Y: Y) It lacks chitin in its cell walls

Z: Z) It ingests food

Answer: W) W) It is a fungus

TOSS-UP energy multiple_choice

Which of the following components allows renewable systems to produce energy for later use? W) Inductor X) Regulator Y) Battery bank Z) Heater

W: W) Inductor

X: X) Regulator

Y: Y) Battery bank

Z: Z) Heater

Answer: Y) Y) Battery bank

BONUS energy multiple_choice

A component of a solar energy system is the charge controller. What is its function? W) To provide electrical protection to the system X) To regulate the amount of power that goes into energy storage for later use Y) To dissipate excess energy Z) To store the energy for later use

W: W) To provide electrical protection to the system

X: X) To regulate the amount of power that goes into energy storage for later use

Y: Y) To dissipate excess energy

Z: Z) To store the energy for later use

Answer: X) X) To regulate the amount of power that goes into energy storage for later use

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

Which of the following is NOT a moon of Jupiter? W) Titan X) Io Y) Europa Z) Callisto

W: W) Titan

X: X) Io

Y: Y) Europa

Z: Z) Callisto

Answer: W) W) Titan

BONUS ess multiple_choice

Which of the following statements is NOT true about Jupiter’s moon Europa? W) It was discovered by Galileo X) Its atmosphere is primarily composed of methane Y) It orbits Jupiter every 3 and a half days Z) It has a deep salty ocean which is frozen over

W: W) It was discovered by Galileo

X: X) Its atmosphere is primarily composed of methane

Y: Y) It orbits Jupiter every 3 and a half days

Z: Z) It has a deep salty ocean which is frozen over

Answer: X) X) Its atmosphere is primarily composed of methane

TOSS-UP math phrase

Solve for $x$ in simplest form: $x^2 = 50$.

Acceptable Answers:

  • $5,\,-5$

BONUS math phrase

Factor completely over the integers: $15y^2 - y - 6$.

Acceptable Answers:

  • $(5y + 3)(3y - 2)$

TOSS-UP bio phrase

Which organ system is responsible for protecting you against viruses, bacteria, and other pathogens?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Immune

BONUS bio phrase

Name the type of immune cell that is attacked by HIV.

Acceptable Answers:

  • T-cell or Helper T-cell
  • CD4 T cell

TOSS-UP general multiple_choice

Which genetic disorder is caused by a mutation in one gene, leading to thick, sticky mucus clogging the lungs, pancreas, and passageways in other organs? W) Cystic fibrosis X) Huntington’s disease Y) Klinefelter syndrome Z) Sickle cell anemia

W: W) Cystic fibrosis

X: X) Huntington’s disease

Y: Y) Klinefelter syndrome

Z: Z) Sickle cell anemia

Answer: W) W) Cystic fibrosis

BONUS general multiple_choice

A father is colorblind, but his wife is not colorblind and is not a carrier of the gene for colorblindness. If the couple has a son, will he be colorblind? W) Yes, because colorblindness is always passed from father to son X) No, because the mother is neither colorblind nor a carrier of colorblindness Y) There is a 50% chance because colorblindness is autosomal dominant Z) Yes, because the gene for colorblindness is located on the Y chromosome

W: W) Yes, because colorblindness is always passed from father to son

X: X) No, because the mother is neither colorblind nor a carrier of colorblindness

Y: Y) There is a 50% chance because colorblindness is autosomal dominant

Z: Z) Yes, because the gene for colorblindness is located on the Y chromosome

Answer: X) X) No, because the mother is neither colorblind nor a carrier of colorblindness

TOSS-UP math phrase

What is the largest integer smaller than ?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 12

BONUS math phrase

What is the multiplicative inverse of the rational number halfway between $-1/3$ and $-1/4$?

Acceptable Answers:

  • $-\tfrac{24}{7}$

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

The general paths of storm systems that travel across the continental United States are primarily driven by: W) Ocean currents X) Local winds Y) Mountains Z) The jet stream

W: W) Ocean currents

X: X) Local winds

Y: Y) Mountains

Z: Z) The jet stream

Answer: Z) Z) The jet stream

BONUS ess multiple_choice

The jet stream separates major air masses over the central continental U.S. The high pressure air mass to the north of the jet stream has which of the following characteristics in winter? W) Warm and humid X) Warm and dry Y) Cold and humid Z) Cold and dry

W: W) Warm and humid

X: X) Warm and dry

Y: Y) Cold and humid

Z: Z) Cold and dry

Answer: Z) Z) Cold and dry

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

What is a meteorite? W) An asteroid X) A kind of comet Y) A natural particle from space that vaporizes upon entering Earth’s atmosphere Z) A natural particle from space that survives impact with the Earth’s surface

W: W) An asteroid

X: X) A kind of comet

Y: Y) A natural particle from space that vaporizes upon entering Earth’s atmosphere

Z: Z) A natural particle from space that survives impact with the Earth’s surface

Answer: Z) Z) A natural particle from space that survives impact with the Earth’s surface

BONUS ess multiple_choice

Sea ice is formed by frozen seawater, which contains salt. At what temperature, in Celsius, will sea ice freeze? W) –11.20 X) –1.8 Y) 0 Z) +0.001

W: W) –11.20

X: X) –1.8

Y: Y) 0

Z: Z) +0.001

Answer: X) X) –1.8

TOSS-UP phys phrase

According to Charles’s law, which property of a gas increases as its temperature increases?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Volume

BONUS phys multiple_choice

Which of the following elements has the highest boiling point? W) Copper X) Magnesium Y) Zinc Z) Gold

W: W) Copper

X: X) Magnesium

Y: Y) Zinc

Z: Z) Gold

Answer: Z) Z) Gold

TOSS-UP general phrase

Not counting the Sun itself, what is the name of the closest star to the Sun?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Proxima Centauri

BONUS general multiple_choice

What is the largest moon in our Solar System? W) Io X) Europa Y) Ganymede Z) Callisto

W: W) Io

X: X) Europa

Y: Y) Ganymede

Z: Z) Callisto

Answer: Y) Y) Ganymede

TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

Babies cannot walk well. As they grow older, which of the following parts of their nervous systems will interact with their muscles, allowing for increased coordination? W) Somatic X) Autonomic Y) Sympathetic Z) Parasympathetic

W: W) Somatic

X: X) Autonomic

Y: Y) Sympathetic

Z: Z) Parasympathetic

Answer: W) W) Somatic

BONUS bio multiple_choice

When you have the flu, what part of the nervous system is responsible for elevating your body temperature? W) Medulla oblongata X) Pons Y) Hypothalamus Z) Brain stem

W: W) Medulla oblongata

X: X) Pons

Y: Y) Hypothalamus

Z: Z) Brain stem

Answer: Y) Y) Hypothalamus

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

Which of the following is the term for the swampy area where a river valley meets the sea? W) Playa X) Trench Y) Spit Z) Estuary

W: W) Playa

X: X) Trench

Y: Y) Spit

Z: Z) Estuary

Answer: Z) Z) Estuary

BONUS ess phrase

When fresh water streams meet the salty ocean, water of intermediate salinity forms. What term is used to describe this type of water?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Brackish

TOSS-UP general multiple_choice

For what did Marie Curie win the Nobel Prize in chemistry? W) Discovering uranium and plutonium X) Discovering radon Y) Discovering curium Z) Discovering radium and polonium

W: W) Discovering uranium and plutonium

X: X) Discovering radon

Y: Y) Discovering curium

Z: Z) Discovering radium and polonium

Answer: Z) Z) Discovering radium and polonium

BONUS general phrase

Who is credited with creating the first vaccine?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Edward Jenner