MS Sample Set 13, Round 9 from NSB

Questions in Packet

TOSS-UP phys phrase

A kilocalorie equals 4,184 of what SI derived unit for energy?

Acceptable Answers:

  • JOULE

BONUS phys multiselect

Identify all of the following three reactions that are exothermic: 1) Burning gasoline; 2) Water vapor condensing; 3) Melting ice.

Choices:

  • Burning gasoline
  • Water vapor condensing
  • Melting ice

Correct Answers:

  • 1
  • 2

TOSS-UP math phrase

What is the log base 5 of 1/25?

Acceptable Answers:

  • –2

BONUS math phrase

Solve the following equation for x over the negative integers: $$x^4 - 28x^2 + 75 = 0$$

Acceptable Answers:

  • –5

TOSS-UP energy phrase

Scientists at Oak Ridge National Lab are studying how plants respond to extreme weather events, like heat waves. In times of high ambient temperature, plants will close stomata to conserve what?

Acceptable Answers:

  • WATER
  • H₂O

BONUS energy phrase

Scientists at Idaho National Lab are developing new methods to quickly charge electric vehicles. What type of battery, the most common used in modern electric vehicles, is being charged?

Acceptable Answers:

  • LITHIUM-ION
  • LI-ION, LIB

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

Which of the following will be the next stage in the evolution of the Sun? W) Supernova X) Red giant Y) Stellar nebula Z) White dwarf

W: W) Supernova

X: X) Red giant

Y: Y) Stellar nebula

Z: Z) White dwarf

Answer: X) X) Red giant

BONUS ess multiple_choice

An astronomer is observing a gas cloud and notes several infrared spectral lines. These spectral lines could allow the astronomer to infer what? W) The elemental composition of the cloud X) The chemical bonds present in the cloud Y) The rate of collision of the molecules in the cloud Z) The ionization state of the atoms in the cloud

W: W) The elemental composition of the cloud

X: X) The chemical bonds present in the cloud

Y: Y) The rate of collision of the molecules in the cloud

Z: Z) The ionization state of the atoms in the cloud

Answer: X) X) The chemical bonds present in the cloud

TOSS-UP phys phrase

What is the adjective for the type of interference that occurs when two waves cancel each other out?

Acceptable Answers:

  • DESTRUCTIVE

BONUS phys multiselect

Identify all of the following three statements that are true of the astronauts aboard the International Space Station: 1) They are massless; 2) They are in free-fall; 3) They experience Earth's gravity.

Choices:

  • They are massless
  • They are in free-fall
  • They experience Earth's gravity

Correct Answers:

  • 2
  • 3

TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

Which of the following animals has been observed to communicate via a dance language, including maneuvers such as the waggle dance? W) Chimpanzee X) Peacock Y) Honeybee Z) Hyena

W: W) Chimpanzee

X: X) Peacock

Y: Y) Honeybee

Z: Z) Hyena

Answer: Y) Y) Honeybee

BONUS bio multiple_choice

Which of the following is a major function of the large intestine? W) Mechanically breaking down food X) Chemically breaking down food Y) Absorbing nutrients Z) Absorbing water

W: W) Mechanically breaking down food

X: X) Chemically breaking down food

Y: Y) Absorbing nutrients

Z: Z) Absorbing water

Answer: Z) Z) Absorbing water

TOSS-UP math phrase

How many integers are there from –8 to 5, inclusive?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 14

BONUS math phrase

What is the area of a rhombus with diagonals of length 24 and 28?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 336

TOSS-UP bio phrase

A stroke is most commonly caused when blood flow is cut off in what organ in the body?

Acceptable Answers:

  • BRAIN

BONUS bio multiple_choice

To what phylum does baker's yeast belong? W) Ascomycota X) Basidiomycota Y) Zygomycota Z) Glomeromycota

W: W) Ascomycota

X: X) Basidiomycota

Y: Y) Zygomycota

Z: Z) Glomeromycota

Answer: W) W) Ascomycota

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

The Eurasian plate and the Indian plate meet at what type of plate boundary? W) Divergent X) Ocean-ocean convergent Y) Ocean-continent convergent Z) Continent-continent convergent

W: W) Divergent

X: X) Ocean-ocean convergent

Y: Y) Ocean-continent convergent

Z: Z) Continent-continent convergent

Answer: Z) Z) Continent-continent convergent

BONUS ess multiselect

Identify all of the following three quantities that typically decrease in a stream from headwaters to mouth: 1) Water velocity; 2) Water discharge; 3) Stream channel width.

Choices:

  • Water velocity
  • Water discharge
  • Stream channel width

Correct Answers:

  • 0

TOSS-UP math phrase

What is 40% of 50 plus 40% of 40?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 36

BONUS math phrase

What is the surface area of a regular square pyramid with slant height 4 whose base has sides of length 7?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 105

TOSS-UP phys multiple_choice

Which of the following is closest to the distance, in meters, between the electron and proton in the neutral hydrogen atom? W) 10⁻¹⁶ X) 10⁻¹³ Y) 10⁻¹⁰ Z) 10⁻⁷

W: W) 10⁻¹⁶

X: X) 10⁻¹³

Y: Y) 10⁻¹⁰

Z: Z) 10⁻⁷

Answer: Y) Y) 10⁻¹⁰

BONUS phys phrase

You take an object and reduce its absolute temperature in half. To the nearest degree Celsius, what temperature will the object approach if you repeatedly perform this procedure?

Acceptable Answers:

  • –273

TOSS-UP energy multiple_choice

Scientists at the DOE Ames Research Laboratory have been using advanced TEM to map nanocrystal magnetic fields formed in bacteria in liquids. What mineral is present in these bacteria? W) Gypsum X) Magnetite Y) Calcite Z) Mica

W: W) Gypsum

X: X) Magnetite

Y: Y) Calcite

Z: Z) Mica

Answer: X) X) Magnetite

BONUS energy phrase

Researchers at Oak Ridge National Lab are using new methods to study proteins that are soluble in water but cannot be crystallized. All such flexible proteins fall into what larger class of proteins that often have spherical shapes and usually have functional roles within the cell?

Acceptable Answers:

  • GLOBULAR PROTEINS
  • SPHEROPROTEINS

TOSS-UP math phrase

If the height of a square pyramid is multiplied by 9, by what factor must the area of the base be multiplied so that the volume remains constant?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 1/9

BONUS math phrase

What is the units digit of 8 to the 2019th power?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 2

TOSS-UP bio phrase

Colonization of plant roots by a fungus can allow increased capture of nutrients from the soil. What is the name for this symbiotic structure?

Acceptable Answers:

  • MYCORRHIZA
  • MYCORRHIZAE

BONUS bio phrase

In a dicot leaf, what is the layer of tissue responsible for most photosynthesis and carbon dioxide absorption?

Acceptable Answers:

  • PALISADE MESOPHYLL

TOSS-UP phys multiple_choice

Which of the following pieces of glassware would be LEAST useful for measuring a given volume of liquid? W) Test tube X) Graduated cylinder Y) Erlenmeyer flask Z) Burette

W: W) Test tube

X: X) Graduated cylinder

Y: Y) Erlenmeyer flask

Z: Z) Burette

Answer: W) W) Test tube

BONUS phys phrase

An ice cube has a density of 0.92 grams per milliliter and a volume of 400 cubic centimeters. If the ice cube is floating in water, then, in cubic centimeters, what volume of the cube will be sticking out of the water?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 32

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

Which of the following locations would you study if you wanted to collect a sample of atmospheric carbon dioxide from one thousand years ago? W) Sea floor sediment X) Glacier ice Y) Sand dunes Z) Ocean water

W: W) Sea floor sediment

X: X) Glacier ice

Y: Y) Sand dunes

Z: Z) Ocean water

Answer: X) X) Glacier ice

BONUS ess order

Rank the following three sediment grain sizes in order of increasing porosity: 1) Clay; 2) Sand; 3) Gravel.

Choices:

  • Clay
  • Sand
  • Gravel

Correct Order:

  • 3
  • 2
  • 1

TOSS-UP energy multiple_choice

Scientists at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory are using new imaging modalities to study DNA damage. In particular, they are studying damage to DNA caused by what region of the EM spectrum that is divided into A, B, and C ranges? W) Infrared X) Visible Y) Ultraviolet Z) X-ray

W: W) Infrared

X: X) Visible

Y: Y) Ultraviolet

Z: Z) X-ray

Answer: Y) Y) Ultraviolet

BONUS energy phrase

Researchers at Pacific Northwest National Lab used new proteomics methods to study blood markers in patients with cirrhosis. Cirrhosis is a disease in which scar tissue is laid down in what human organ?

Acceptable Answers:

  • LIVER

TOSS-UP bio phrase

During muscular contraction, myosin is cross-linked to what other protein in order to shorten the muscle filament?

Acceptable Answers:

  • ACTIN

BONUS bio multiple_choice

Which of the following groups of animals is able to respire significant amounts of oxygen from their skins? W) Fishes X) Amphibians Y) Reptiles Z) Birds

W: W) Fishes

X: X) Amphibians

Y: Y) Reptiles

Z: Z) Birds

Answer: X) X) Amphibians

TOSS-UP math phrase

What is the x-intercept of the line with equation $$5x - 3y = -30$$?

Acceptable Answers:

  • (–6, 0)
  • –6
  • x = –6 and y = 0

BONUS math phrase

If an arithmetic sequence has third term 16 and seventh term 44, what is its 19th term?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 128

TOSS-UP ess phrase

The Cassini division is associated with what planet?

Acceptable Answers:

  • SATURN

BONUS ess multiple_choice

Which of the following is closest to the temperature, in kelvins, at which hydrogen fusion will commence in a young star? W) 10,000 X) 100,000 Y) 1 million Z) 10 million

W: W) 10,000

X: X) 100,000

Y: Y) 1 million

Z: Z) 10 million

Answer: Z) Z) 10 million

TOSS-UP bio phrase

Serum and plasma are derived from what substance in the body?

Acceptable Answers:

  • BLOOD

BONUS bio multiselect

Identify all of the following three structures that are part of the digestive tract: 1) Pharynx; 2) Larynx; 3) Esophagus.

Choices:

  • Pharynx
  • Larynx
  • Esophagus

Correct Answers:

  • 1
  • 3

TOSS-UP phys phrase

The statement "if two gas samples have the same pressure, temperature, and volume, they contain the same number of particles" is a form of what gas law named for its discoverer?

Acceptable Answers:

  • AVOGADRO’S LAW

BONUS phys phrase

In the balanced equation for the reaction of oxygen and iron to produce ferric oxide, what is the coefficient of the iron?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 4

TOSS-UP ess phrase

What is the most common element in emission nebulas?

Acceptable Answers:

  • HYDROGEN

BONUS ess phrase

Giving your answer to one significant digit, what is the average albedo of the moon?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 0.1