HS Sample Set 10, Round 10 from NSB
What is the determinant of the 2 by 2 matrix with first row –2, –3 and second row 8, –4?
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What is the probability that the bottom card in a deck of cards is a queen and the top card is a king? W) 1/169 X) 4/663 Y) 5/663 Z) 1/2702
W: W) 1/169
X: X) 4/663
Y: Y) 5/663
Z: Z) 1/2702
Answer: X) X) 4/663
Which of the following types of microscopy require the specimen to be subjected to a vacuum? W) Fluorescence X) Transmission electron Y) Scanning tunneling Z) Dark field
W: W) Fluorescence
X: X) Transmission electron
Y: Y) Scanning tunneling
Z: Z) Dark field
Answer: X) X) Transmission electron
What type of learning involves an animal associating a behavioral response with punishment or reward?
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How does the synodic period of the moon relate to its sidereal period? W) Its synodic period is two days longer X) Its synodic period is one day shorter Y) Its synodic period is one day longer Z) Its synodic period is two days shorter
W: W) Its synodic period is two days longer
X: X) Its synodic period is one day shorter
Y: Y) Its synodic period is one day longer
Z: Z) Its synodic period is two days shorter
Answer: W) W) Its synodic period is two days longer
The spectra of type IA supernovae are unique because they do NOT contain lines for what element?
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A small ball is fired horizontally off the edge of a table at 3 meters per second, taking 0.4 seconds to hit the ground below. When the ball hits the floor, how far, in meters, is it horizontally from the edge of the table?
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A rope is oscillated in such a way that it creates a standing wave with a wavelength of 3 meters and an amplitude of 0.4 meters. What is the distance, in meters, between the highest and lowest positions of a piece of the rope 0.25 meters from a node?
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Change in which of the following quantities must be positive for a spontaneous process? W) Gibbs free energy of the system X) Entropy of the system Y) Gibbs free energy of the universe Z) Entropy of the universe
W: W) Gibbs free energy of the system
X: X) Entropy of the system
Y: Y) Gibbs free energy of the universe
Z: Z) Entropy of the universe
Answer: Z) Z) Entropy of the universe
The reaction of hypochlorite and chloride ions in the presence of sulfuric acid generates gaseous chlorine endothermically in a closed vessel. Increasing which of the following would shift the reaction to the left? W) Volume X) Temperature Y) pH Z) Pressure of inert gas
W: W) Volume
X: X) Temperature
Y: Y) pH
Z: Z) Pressure of inert gas
Answer: Y) Y) pH
Which of the following is closest to the percentage of energy lost as heat in an incandescent light bulb? W) 30 X) 50 Y) 70 Z) 90
W: W) 30
X: X) 50
Y: Y) 70
Z: Z) 90
Answer: Z) Z) 90
In a nuclear power plant, the fission reaction directly yields all but which of the following? W) Neutrons X) Fission products Y) Fission gamma rays Z) Electrical current
W: W) Neutrons
X: X) Fission products
Y: Y) Fission gamma rays
Z: Z) Electrical current
Answer: Z) Z) Electrical current
Which of the following conditions is common to both warm and cold fronts? W) Steady barometer readings X) Divergence of surface winds Y) Decreasing precipitation rates Z) Lifting of warm air over a cold air mass
W: W) Steady barometer readings
X: X) Divergence of surface winds
Y: Y) Decreasing precipitation rates
Z: Z) Lifting of warm air over a cold air mass
Answer: Z) Z) Lifting of warm air over a cold air mass
Which of the following is a reason that long-term preservation of deep sea carbonates is rare? W) Most ocean crust and overlying sediments are subducted X) Most parts of the deep ocean floor lie above the carbonate compensation depth Y) There is little carbonate-forming material occurring in ocean water Z) Carbonates react with silicates in the deep ocean
W: W) Most ocean crust and overlying sediments are subducted
X: X) Most parts of the deep ocean floor lie above the carbonate compensation depth
Y: Y) There is little carbonate-forming material occurring in ocean water
Z: Z) Carbonates react with silicates in the deep ocean
Answer: W) W) Most ocean crust and overlying sediments are subducted
An infinite number of 1-ohm resistors are connected in parallel so that there is one on the first branch, two in series on the second branch, three in series on the third, and so on. What is the overall resistance, in ohms, of this circuit? W) 0 X) 2 Y) π Z) ln 2
W: W) 0
X: X) 2
Y: Y) π
Z: Z) ln 2
Answer: W) W) 0
What criterion states that two objects are resolvable if the angular separation between them is enough such that the first diffraction maxima of one object coincides with the minima of the other?
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Most cells are exposed to extracellular glucose concentrations higher than those inside the cell. Glucose is taken up by these cells via which of the following? W) Osmosis X) Active transport Y) Exocytosis Z) Facilitated diffusion
W: W) Osmosis
X: X) Active transport
Y: Y) Exocytosis
Z: Z) Facilitated diffusion
Answer: Z) Z) Facilitated diffusion
Which of the following mutations would most likely result in a frame-shift mutation? W) Single base substitution X) Triple base substitution Y) Single base deletion Z) Triple base deletion
W: W) Single base substitution
X: X) Triple base substitution
Y: Y) Single base deletion
Z: Z) Triple base deletion
Answer: Y) Y) Single base deletion
Identify all of the following three metals that have soluble chlorides: 1) Silver; 2) Iron; 3) Zinc. MULTISELECT
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Consider the gas phase exothermic reaction of phosphorus trichloride with chlorine to yield phosphorus pentachloride. Under which of the following conditions is the equilibrium constant greater than one? W) At low temperatures X) At high temperatures Y) At all temperatures Z) It is never greater than one
W: W) At low temperatures
X: X) At high temperatures
Y: Y) At all temperatures
Z: Z) It is never greater than one
Answer: W) W) At low temperatures
Which U.S. state received over 70% of its electricity from hydroelectric power in 2013? W) Maine X) Texas Y) Nebraska Z) Washington
W: W) Maine
X: X) Texas
Y: Y) Nebraska
Z: Z) Washington
Answer: Z) Z) Washington
According to the Energy Information Administration, which of the following is closest to the net number of barrels of oil per day imported by the United States in 2012? W) 1 million X) 10 million Y) 100 million Z) 1 billion
W: W) 1 million
X: X) 10 million
Y: Y) 100 million
Z: Z) 1 billion
Answer: X) X) 10 million
What is the complex conjugate of –4 – 36i?
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What are the radius and the coordinates of the center, respectively, of the circle with equation $$x^2 + 8x + y^2 - 6y = 0$$?
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On a spring break trip, Sarah and her 3 friends run out of gas while driving to Florida. The nearest gas station is 1.1 kilometers away. If they apply a constant cumulative force of 1200 newtons to the car, how much work will they do, in joules, by pushing the car to the gas station?
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An electron is fired through parallel plate electrodes that are 5 millimeters apart. A 2 millitesla magnetic field is perpendicular to the electric field between the plates, which have a potential difference of 600 volts. If the electron is NOT deflected, at what speed, in meters per second and in scientific notation, is it traveling?
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What type of machine, used by both hydroelectric plants and uranium nuclear power plants, converts kinetic energy to electrical energy?
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Characterized by its "rotten-egg smell," what gas released by geothermal plants is of great environmental concern?
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Which of the following is true about radiometric dating? W) All parent material in a mineral is converted to the daughter product X) When the quantities of parent and daughter products are equal, two half-lives have transpired Y) The number of radioactive atoms that decay during one half life is always the same Z) The percentage of radioactive atoms that decay during one half life is always the same
W: W) All parent material in a mineral is converted to the daughter product
X: X) When the quantities of parent and daughter products are equal, two half-lives have transpired
Y: Y) The number of radioactive atoms that decay during one half life is always the same
Z: Z) The percentage of radioactive atoms that decay during one half life is always the same
Answer: Z) Z) The percentage of radioactive atoms that decay during one half life is always the same
Identify all of the following statements that are true about zodiacal light: 1) It is produced when sunlight is scattered by cosmic dust; 2) It appears as a faint white glow near the horizon; 3) It is best viewed at midnight.
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The size of most mammalian cells is closest to which of the following? W) 1 picometer X) 1 micrometer Y) 1 millimeter Z) 1 centimeter
W: W) 1 picometer
X: X) 1 micrometer
Y: Y) 1 millimeter
Z: Z) 1 centimeter
Answer: X) X) 1 micrometer
Which of the following proteins is involved with prokaryotic transcription? W) DNA polymerase III X) Sigma factor Y) Elongation factor Z) Amino acyl tRNA synthetase
W: W) DNA polymerase III
X: X) Sigma factor
Y: Y) Elongation factor
Z: Z) Amino acyl tRNA synthetase
Answer: X) X) Sigma factor
What is the derivative with respect to x of $$\frac{-5}{x^6}$$?
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What are the linear factors of the polynomial 2ab + 3a – 8b – 12?
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Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding alloys? W) Alloys are generally more brittle than the metals from which they are made X) Alloys are generally harder than the metals from which they are made Y) Alloys are generally better electric conductors than the metals from which they are made Z) Alloys are generally worse thermal conductors than the metals from which they are made
W: W) Alloys are generally more brittle than the metals from which they are made
X: X) Alloys are generally harder than the metals from which they are made
Y: Y) Alloys are generally better electric conductors than the metals from which they are made
Z: Z) Alloys are generally worse thermal conductors than the metals from which they are made
Answer: Y) Y) Alloys are generally better electric conductors than the metals from which they are made
Which of the following techniques would be most useful for determining the change in enthalpy of a reaction? W) Visible light spectroscopy X) Calorimetry Y) Crystallography Z) Gravimetry
W: W) Visible light spectroscopy
X: X) Calorimetry
Y: Y) Crystallography
Z: Z) Gravimetry
Answer: X) X) Calorimetry
What general term refers to lighting that uses LEDs as sources of illumination rather than electrical filaments, plasma, or gas?
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What state of matter, consisting of bosons cooled to nearly absolute zero, allows for the macroscopic observation of quantum phenomena?
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A cylinder has an internal diameter of 3 centimeters and a piston is depressed 20 centimeters with a pressure of 2 atmospheres. Assuming that atmospheric pressure is 1 × 10^5 pascals, to two significant figures and in joules, how much work is done during the compression?
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A 12.4 liter balloon is at 27 °C. It is cooled at constant pressure to –23 °C. To the nearest tenth and in liters, what is the final volume of the balloon?
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Which of the following countries has lost the greatest land area of forest to deforestation over the past decade? W) Brazil X) Ecuador Y) Zimbabwe Z) Venezuela
W: W) Brazil
X: X) Ecuador
Y: Y) Zimbabwe
Z: Z) Venezuela
Answer: W) W) Brazil
Arrange the following distances in our Solar System from smallest to largest, taking thickness to mean the difference between the outer and inner radii of an annulus or spherical shell: 1) Thickness of the Oort cloud; 2) Separation of Earth and Venus at inferior conjunction; 3) Thickness of the asteroid belt.
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If all of the prime factors of 444, including multiple occurrences, are added, how much greater will the result be than that for 222?
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Two circles with radii of 3 inches and 1 inch have the same center. What is the ratio of the area of the annulus between the inner circle and the outer circle to the area of the inner circle?
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What particular type of Raman scattering occurs when the emitted photon is of higher wavelength than the incident one?
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In the BCS theory of superconductivity, the correlation between two electrons leads to a reduction in electron scattering that forms the basis of superconductivity. What is the name of this group of electrons?
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