MS Sample Set 6, Round 8 from NSB

Questions in Packet

TOSS-UP general multiple_choice

Which of the following leaf traits would be most useful in identifying the plants from which the leaves originated? W) Presence or absence of veins X) Arrangement of leaves on the stem Y) Function of the leaves Z) Color of the leaves

W: W) Presence or absence of veins

X: X) Arrangement of leaves on the stem

Y: Y) Function of the leaves

Z: Z) Color of the leaves

Answer: X) X) Arrangement of leaves on the stem

BONUS general multiselect

What are the three broad categories of galaxy shapes?

Choices:

  • Spiral
  • Elliptical
  • Irregular

Correct Answers:

  • 1
  • 2
  • 3

TOSS-UP math phrase

Find the value of \(c\) that completes the square of \[ r^2 + 32r + c \]

Acceptable Answers:

  • 256

BONUS math phrase

Given that one liter of water weighs one kilogram, providing your answer in terms of \(\pi\) and in simplest form, what is the weight in kilograms of the water contained in a full cylindrical container with a radius of 50 centimeters and a height of 1 meter?

Acceptable Answers:

  • \(250\pi\)

TOSS-UP phys multiple_choice

One gram of which of the following substances will be most dense at standard temperature and pressure? W) Water X) Gold Y) Ethanol Z) Lead

W: W) Water

X: X) Gold

Y: Y) Ethanol

Z: Z) Lead

Answer: X) X) Gold

BONUS phys phrase

When an Arrhenius acid is added to a base, what are the products?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Water and a salt
  • Solvated ions

TOSS-UP energy phrase

What is the SI unit of measurement for gravitational potential energy?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Joule

BONUS energy multiple_choice

Which of the following rock types would most likely be the best oil reservoir? W) Granite X) Basalt Y) Shale Z) Sandstone

W: W) Granite

X: X) Basalt

Y: Y) Shale

Z: Z) Sandstone

Answer: Z) Z) Sandstone

TOSS-UP bio multiselect

Identify all of the following four types of stimuli which can elicit a tropic response in plants: 1) light, 2) gravity, 3) touch, 4) heat.

Choices:

  • Light
  • Gravity
  • Touch
  • Heat

Correct Answers:

  • 1
  • 2
  • 3
  • 4

BONUS bio multiple_choice

Which of the following accurately matches the part of the flower and its description? W) Top part of the stamen that produces and bears pollen – sepal X) Swollen base of the flower that attaches it to the stem – carpel Y) Sticky part of the flower’s carpel that traps pollen grains – stigma Z) Part of the flower containing the ovules that later develop into seeds – anther

W: W) Top part of the stamen that produces and bears pollen – sepal

X: X) Swollen base of the flower that attaches it to the stem – carpel

Y: Y) Sticky part of the flower’s carpel that traps pollen grains – stigma

Z: Z) Part of the flower containing the ovules that later develop into seeds – anther

Answer: Y) Y) Sticky part of the flower’s carpel that traps pollen grains – stigma

TOSS-UP math phrase

What is the greatest integer less than or equal to the cube root of 100?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 4

BONUS math phrase

Solve the following system of two equations: \[ 7x + 2y = -6 \] \[ -14x - 4y = -2 \]

Acceptable Answers:

  • No solution
  • Null set, Empty set

TOSS-UP general multiple_choice

Patricia is trying to improve her basketball skills. She finds that her shots consistently hit a point to the right of the basket. Which of the following correctly characterizes the precision and accuracy of her shots? W) Not accurate or precise X) Both accurate and precise Y) Accurate but not precise Z) Precise but not accurate

W: W) Not accurate or precise

X: X) Both accurate and precise

Y: Y) Accurate but not precise

Z: Z) Precise but not accurate

Answer: Z) Z) Precise but not accurate

BONUS general phrase

A scientist testing the effects of a chemical on apple yield sprays an orchard with the chemical. A second similar orchard with the same amount of sunlight, water, and species of apple does not receive the chemical. In the fall, the number of apples harvested from each orchard is counted. What are the independent, dependent, and controlled variables in the experiment?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Independent = chemical; Dependent = number of apples; Controlled = sunlight, water, apple species

TOSS-UP ess phrase

Which form of energy can coincide with tectonic plate boundaries?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Geothermal

BONUS ess multiple_choice

Which of the following is the approximate percentage of silica in basaltic lava? W) 50% X) 60% Y) 70% Z) 80%

W: W) 50%

X: X) 60%

Y: Y) 70%

Z: Z) 80%

Answer: X) X) 60%

TOSS-UP phys phrase

When a wave enters a new medium and changes speed, what phenomenon occurs?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Refraction

BONUS phys multiple_choice

Which of the following would increase the rate of rusting on a fixed quantity of iron? W) Using iron filings instead of iron nails X) Putting more water over the iron Y) Placing the iron in an ice bath Z) It is not possible to change the rate of rusting

W: W) Using iron filings instead of iron nails

X: X) Putting more water over the iron

Y: Y) Placing the iron in an ice bath

Z: Z) It is not possible to change the rate of rusting

Answer: W) W) Using iron filings instead of iron nails

TOSS-UP energy multiple_choice

Which of the following types of friction are you experiencing as you push a book across a table? W) Accelerated X) Kinetic Y) Negative Z) Static

W: W) Accelerated

X: X) Kinetic

Y: Y) Negative

Z: Z) Static

Answer: X) X) Kinetic

BONUS energy phrase

How much work in joules is done by the force of gravity when a 50 newton object falls a distance of 10 meters?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 500

TOSS-UP bio phrase

Which cellular organelle contains DNA inherited from the individual’s mother but not the father?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Mitochondria

BONUS bio phrase

What is the name of the sense organ in fish and some aquatic amphibians that is sensitive to differences in water pressure due to changes in depth or waves caused by approaching objects?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Lateral line

TOSS-UP math phrase

What is \[ -5\sqrt{3} - 3\sqrt{3}\;? \]

Acceptable Answers:

  • \(-8\sqrt{3}\)

BONUS math phrase

What number is one-half of one-third of one-fourth of one-fifth of 1,800?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 15

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

Which of the following types of rock would have the greatest permeability? W) Sandstone X) Shale Y) Claystone Z) Limestone

W: W) Sandstone

X: X) Shale

Y: Y) Claystone

Z: Z) Limestone

Answer: W) W) Sandstone

BONUS ess phrase

The Sun contains the vast majority of the mass in the solar system at 99.9%. What is the location of most of the remaining 0.1% mass in the solar system?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Jupiter

TOSS-UP bio phrase

What type of RNA carries copies of the instructions for assembling amino acids from the DNA to the site of translation?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Messenger RNA
  • mRNA

BONUS bio multiple_choice

The first prokaryotes, eukaryotes, and multicellular organisms all arose during which of the following evolutionary eras? W) Precambrian X) Mesozoic Y) Paleozoic Z) Cenozoic

W: W) Precambrian

X: X) Mesozoic

Y: Y) Paleozoic

Z: Z) Cenozoic

Answer: W) W) Precambrian

TOSS-UP general multiple_choice

Which of the following is a reason why midges of the rainforest are important? W) They consume waste on the forest floor X) They are harvested for medicinal extracts Y) They pollinate the flowers of the cacao plant Z) They are used to make perfume

W: W) They consume waste on the forest floor

X: X) They are harvested for medicinal extracts

Y: Y) They pollinate the flowers of the cacao plant

Z: Z) They are used to make perfume

Answer: Y) Y) They pollinate the flowers of the cacao plant

BONUS general multiple_choice

The term specific volume refers to the volume per gram of a substance. Specific volume is an example of which of the following? W) A physical extensive property X) A physical intensive property Y) A chemical extensive property Z) A chemical intensive property

W: W) A physical extensive property

X: X) A physical intensive property

Y: Y) A chemical extensive property

Z: Z) A chemical intensive property

Answer: X) X) A physical intensive property

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

Which of the following is NOT a process involved in the formation of sedimentary rocks? W) Compaction X) Cementation Y) Melting Z) Lithification

W: W) Compaction

X: X) Cementation

Y: Y) Melting

Z: Z) Lithification

Answer: Y) Y) Melting

BONUS ess multiple_choice

At a depth of 2,900 kilometers below the Earth’s surface, P seismic waves slow down rapidly and S seismic waves disappear. This indicates that 2,900 kilometers is the beginning of which of the following layers? W) Solid iron X) Solid nickel Y) Liquid iron and nickel Z) Solid iron and nickel

W: W) Solid iron

X: X) Solid nickel

Y: Y) Liquid iron and nickel

Z: Z) Solid iron and nickel

Answer: Y) Y) Liquid iron and nickel

TOSS-UP phys phrase

What form of heat transfer does NOT depend on matter?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Radiation

BONUS phys phrase

What is the name for energy which represents the capacity of a system to do non-mechanical work at constant temperature and pressure?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Gibbs free energy

TOSS-UP energy multiple_choice

Geothermal heat pumps take advantage of which of the following? W) Salinity of the water stored underground X) Temperature differences in the underground water layers Y) Temperature difference between groundwater and the ground Z) Temperature differences between the ground and buildings

W: W) Salinity of the water stored underground

X: X) Temperature differences in the underground water layers

Y: Y) Temperature difference between groundwater and the ground

Z: Z) Temperature differences between the ground and buildings

Answer: Z) Z) Temperature differences between the ground and buildings

BONUS energy multiple_choice

Which of the following is the effect of reactive power on the efficiency of a circuit? W) It reduces efficiency X) It increases efficiency by about 30% Y) The efficiency remains unaffected Z) The efficiency is maximized

W: W) It reduces efficiency

X: X) It increases efficiency by about 30%

Y: Y) The efficiency remains unaffected

Z: Z) The efficiency is maximized

Answer: W) W) It reduces efficiency

TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

Cyamids, commonly known as whale lice, are tiny crustaceans that live on the skin of whales. Cyamids obtain nutrition from the whale by feeding on dead skin and algae that grow on the whale’s body; it is believed that whales are not helped or harmed by their presence. This type of biological relationship can best be described as which of the following? W) Commensalism X) Antagonism Y) Parasitism Z) Mutualism

W: W) Commensalism

X: X) Antagonism

Y: Y) Parasitism

Z: Z) Mutualism

Answer: W) W) Commensalism

BONUS bio multiselect

By number, identify all of the following five characteristics which are true of baleen whales: 1) they travel to cold water for feeding; 2) they travel to warm water to give birth; 3) they have wide, separated lower jaws; 4) they can open their eyes underwater; 5) they have about four times more blood cells than terrestrial mammals.

Choices:

  • They travel to cold water for feeding
  • They travel to warm water to give birth
  • They have wide, separated lower jaws
  • They can open their eyes underwater
  • They have about four times more blood cells than terrestrial mammals

Correct Answers:

  • 1
  • 2
  • 3
  • 4

TOSS-UP math phrase

Simplify \[ 1{,}000{,}000^{\tfrac{1}{6}} \]

Acceptable Answers:

  • 10

BONUS math phrase

Evaluate \(f(x) = -x^3 + 6x + 7\) at \(x = 6\).

Acceptable Answers:

  • -173

TOSS-UP general multiple_choice

A population splits and part of the group occupies a different niche from the parent group and can no longer interbreed with the parent population. Which of the following describes this process? W) Genetic drift X) Speciation Y) Endemism Z) Invasion

W: W) Genetic drift

X: X) Speciation

Y: Y) Endemism

Z: Z) Invasion

Answer: X) X) Speciation

BONUS general phrase

Given the equation \(H_2 + Cl_2 \to 2HCl + \text{heat}\), if the reaction were performed with fluorine instead of chlorine, how many moles of \(H_2\) would be required to yield two moles of \(HF\)?

Acceptable Answers:

  • One

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

At which of the following latitudes in the Northern Hemisphere will the Sun be directly overhead at solar noon on the summer solstice? W) Equator X) Tropic of Capricorn Y) Tropic of Cancer Z) North Pole

W: W) Equator

X: X) Tropic of Capricorn

Y: Y) Tropic of Cancer

Z: Z) North Pole

Answer: Y) Y) Tropic of Cancer

BONUS ess phrase

Which process allows water to move from plants to the atmosphere?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Transpiration

TOSS-UP phys multiple_choice

Which of the following is NOT an example of oxidation? W) Electroplating zinc X) Rusting iron Y) Tarnishing silver Z) Burning wood

W: W) Electroplating zinc

X: X) Rusting iron

Y: Y) Tarnishing silver

Z: Z) Burning wood

Answer: W) W) Electroplating zinc

BONUS phys order

List the following five colors of the visible spectrum in order of highest to lowest frequency: 1) violet, 2) green, 3) red, 4) blue, and 5) orange.

Choices:

  • Violet
  • Green
  • Red
  • Blue
  • Orange

Correct Order:

  • 1
  • 4
  • 2
  • 5
  • 3

TOSS-UP math phrase

What is the x-intercept of the line \(-3x + y = 3\)?

Acceptable Answers:

  • \((-1, 0)\)
  • -1

BONUS math phrase

What are the largest possible domain and range, respectively, of \(y = 5 + \sqrt{x - 2}\)?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Domain \(x \ge 2\); Range \(y \ge 5\)

TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

Which of the following molecules is an important part of membrane structure, is usually NOT soluble in water, and stores about 9 kilocalories of energy in each gram? W) Protein X) Nucleic acid Y) Lipid Z) Carbohydrate

W: W) Protein

X: X) Nucleic acid

Y: Y) Lipid

Z: Z) Carbohydrate

Answer: Y) Y) Lipid

BONUS bio multiselect

Identify all of the following five options which serve as the primary food source for most millipedes: 1) minerals, 2) plants, 3) detritus, 4) blood, 5) slugs.

Choices:

  • Minerals
  • Plants
  • Detritus
  • Blood
  • Slugs

Correct Answers:

  • 2
  • 3