MS Sample Set 8, Round 12 from NSB

Questions in Packet

TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

Which of the following species thrives in a mangrove? W) Blue crabs X) Sea turtles Y) Sea horses Z) Alligators

W: W) Blue crabs

X: X) Sea turtles

Y: Y) Sea horses

Z: Z) Alligators

Answer: Z) Z) Alligators

BONUS bio phrase

Flow cytometry is emerging as a valuable tool for quantifying photosynthetic cells in the environment. What property of photosynthetic cells is exploited in flow cytometry?

Acceptable Answers:

  • FLUORESCENCE

TOSS-UP phys multiple_choice

What is the name of the collection of galaxies that contains the Milky Way, M31, M33 and the Magellanic Clouds? W) The Local Group X) The Horsehead Nebula Y) The extended Milky Way Z) The Virgo cluster

W: W) The Local Group

X: X) The Horsehead Nebula

Y: Y) The extended Milky Way

Z: Z) The Virgo cluster

Answer: W) W) The Local Group

BONUS phys phrase

A neutrally charged atom has an atomic number of 11 and a mass number of 23. Identify the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons.

Acceptable Answers:

  • PROTONS: 11; NEUTRONS: 12; ELECTRONS: 11

TOSS-UP energy multiple_choice

Windows can be rated on the rate at which heat flows through them through which of the following measures? W) E-factor X) W-factor Y) U-factor Z) H-factor

W: W) E-factor

X: X) W-factor

Y: Y) U-factor

Z: Z) H-factor

Answer: Y) Y) U-factor

BONUS energy phrase

What is the major end product of glycolysis?

Acceptable Answers:

  • PYRUVATE
  • PYRUVIC ACID

TOSS-UP general multiple_choice

Clusters of lymph nodes can be found in all EXCEPT which of the following areas? W) Axillae X) Brain Y) Groin Z) Neck

W: W) Axillae

X: X) Brain

Y: Y) Groin

Z: Z) Neck

Answer: X) X) Brain

BONUS general phrase

Name the three subdivisions of the small intestine.

Acceptable Answers:

  • DUODENUM; JEJUNUM; ILEUM

TOSS-UP ess phrase

Mid-ocean ridge valleys are lined with what kind of faults?

Acceptable Answers:

  • NORMAL
  • DIP-SLIP

BONUS ess multiple_choice

At what point in an inferior planet's orbit will it appear largest in the sky? W) Opposition X) Greatest elongation Y) Inferior conjunction Z) Superior conjunction

W: W) Opposition

X: X) Greatest elongation

Y: Y) Inferior conjunction

Z: Z) Superior conjunction

Answer: Y) Y) Inferior conjunction

TOSS-UP math multiple_choice

If \((x^2)^3 = 64\), what is the value of \(x\)? W) 2 X) 4 Y) 16 Z) 64

W: W) 2

X: X) 4

Y: Y) 16

Z: Z) 64

Answer: W) W) 2

BONUS math phrase

If the length of each edge of a cube is increased by 10%, by what percentage is its volume increased?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 33.1
  • 33 1/10
  • 331/100

TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

How does coral reproduce? W) It is pollinated by other fish X) Eggs and sperm are released in the open water Y) Male and female coral attract each other Z) It fragments and regrows larger

W: W) It is pollinated by other fish

X: X) Eggs and sperm are released in the open water

Y: Y) Male and female coral attract each other

Z: Z) It fragments and regrows larger

Answer: X) X) Eggs and sperm are released in the open water

BONUS bio phrase

What cellular component, common to bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes, is primarily responsible for protein synthesis?

Acceptable Answers:

  • THE RIBOSOME

TOSS-UP phys multiple_choice

What phase must the Moon be in for a solar eclipse to occur? W) New X) Last quarter Y) Crescent Z) Full

W: W) New

X: X) Last quarter

Y: Y) Crescent

Z: Z) Full

Answer: W) W) New

BONUS phys multiple_choice

A particular material absorbs violet, blue, and green light. Which of the following colors will NOT be observed when light strikes the material? W) Blue green X) Red Y) Yellow green Z) Orange

W: W) Blue green

X: X) Red

Y: Y) Yellow green

Z: Z) Orange

Answer: W) W) Blue green

TOSS-UP general multiple_choice

Which of the following would be the most accurate glassware to use to measure a volume of water? W) Erlenmeyer flask X) Graduated cylinder Y) Test tube Z) Beaker

W: W) Erlenmeyer flask

X: X) Graduated cylinder

Y: Y) Test tube

Z: Z) Beaker

Answer: X) X) Graduated cylinder

BONUS general multiple_choice

A population crash is most likely when which of the following occurs? W) Unlimited resources are available X) The growth rate slows Y) The population approaches carrying capacity Z) The population overshoots carrying capacity

W: W) Unlimited resources are available

X: X) The growth rate slows

Y: Y) The population approaches carrying capacity

Z: Z) The population overshoots carrying capacity

Answer: Z) Z) The population overshoots carrying capacity

TOSS-UP ess phrase

The galactic center appears in which constellation?

Acceptable Answers:

  • SAGITTARIUS

DO NOT ACCEPT:

  • SAGITTA

BONUS ess multiple_choice

Which of the following describes the relationship between water particles and ocean waves? W) Waves move water particles effectively along the surface of water X) Waves have no impact on the motion of water particles Y) Water moves in vertical orbits in the direction of waves Z) Water particles are fragmented in the white caps of waves

W: W) Waves move water particles effectively along the surface of water

X: X) Waves have no impact on the motion of water particles

Y: Y) Water moves in vertical orbits in the direction of waves

Z: Z) Water particles are fragmented in the white caps of waves

Answer: Y) Y) Water moves in vertical orbits in the direction of waves

TOSS-UP math phrase

Evaluate the following expression for \(r = 7\): \(\bigl(\tfrac{4r - 7}{3}\bigr)^2 \div 7\).

Acceptable Answers:

  • 7

BONUS math multiple_choice

Which of the following ordered pairs is a solution to this set of inequalities: \(x < 0\); \(y < 5\); \(y < -2x + 4\); \(y > -2x\)? W) (-1, -2) X) (-1, 3) Y) (3, -1) Z) (1, 2)

W: W) (-1, -2)

X: X) (-1, 3)

Y: Y) (3, -1)

Z: Z) (1, 2)

Answer: X) X) (-1, 3)

TOSS-UP energy phrase

If 10 incandescent 100 W light bulbs are replaced with 10 LED lights of equivalent lumens, approximately how many fewer watts/hour will the LED lights consume?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 830
  • Any value between 800–870

BONUS energy multiple_choice

In order to achieve maximum power point tracking in a renewable energy source, a signal is generated and utilized via pulse width modulation. Pulses with variable duty cycle are then sent to which part of the DC/DC converter circuit in order to control it? W) The inductors X) The capacitors Y) The input voltage source Z) The transistors/switches

W: W) The inductors

X: X) The capacitors

Y: Y) The input voltage source

Z: Z) The transistors/switches

Answer: Z) Z) The transistors/switches

TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

A bacterium is suddenly immersed in a high salt media. What is the MOST likely response of the cell? W) Actively transport water into the cell X) Actively transport water out of the cell Y) Actively transport potassium into the cell Z) Actively transport small organic molecules out of the cell

W: W) Actively transport water into the cell

X: X) Actively transport water out of the cell

Y: Y) Actively transport potassium into the cell

Z: Z) Actively transport small organic molecules out of the cell

Answer: Y) Y) Actively transport potassium into the cell

BONUS bio phrase

For decades the Gram stain was the primary tool for distinguishing between broad groups of bacteria. The Gram stain exploits differences in what cellular structure between gram positive and gram negative bacteria?

Acceptable Answers:

  • THE CELL WALL

TOSS-UP phys multiple_choice

Vinegar is a liquid solution containing acetic acid and water. It could be accurately classified as which of the following? W) A colloid X) A compound Y) A homogeneous mixture Z) A heterogeneous mixture

W: W) A colloid

X: X) A compound

Y: Y) A homogeneous mixture

Z: Z) A heterogeneous mixture

Answer: Y) Y) A homogeneous mixture

BONUS phys phrase

What particle is the smallest indivisible unit of light?

Acceptable Answers:

  • PHOTON

TOSS-UP general phrase

What type of solution has a higher concentration of hydroxide ions than hydronium ions?

Acceptable Answers:

  • BASE
  • BASIC
  • ALKALINE
  • ARRHENIUS BASE

BONUS general multiple_choice

Which of the following would NOT be a good characteristic of an index fossil? W) The fossil has distinctive characteristics X) The species survived for millions of years Y) The species lived in many different places Z) The species is not a soft-bodied organism

W: W) The fossil has distinctive characteristics

X: X) The species survived for millions of years

Y: Y) The species lived in many different places

Z: Z) The species is not a soft-bodied organism

Answer: X) X) The species survived for millions of years

TOSS-UP energy multiple_choice

Why is the angle of incidence of sunlight important for solar panels? W) It helps the panel remain cooler, but decreases the power output X) It helps the panel remain hotter, and increases the power output Y) The closer the angle is to normal, the more power produced by the panel Z) The further the angle is from normal, the more power produced by the panel

W: W) It helps the panel remain cooler, but decreases the power output

X: X) It helps the panel remain hotter, and increases the power output

Y: Y) The closer the angle is to normal, the more power produced by the panel

Z: Z) The further the angle is from normal, the more power produced by the panel

Answer: Y) Y) The closer the angle is to normal, the more power produced by the panel

BONUS energy phrase

How many kilowatt-hours does a heater running at 100 watts consume per 24 hour period?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 2.4

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

What is the approximate mass of the largest stars? W) 1 solar mass X) 10 solar masses Y) 100 solar masses Z) 1000 solar masses

W: W) 1 solar mass

X: X) 10 solar masses

Y: Y) 100 solar masses

Z: Z) 1000 solar masses

Answer: Y) Y) 100 solar masses

BONUS ess multiple_choice

Which of the following is a sedimentary rock made of microscopic fossil marine shells? W) Chalk X) Shale Y) Coal Z) Lignite

W: W) Chalk

X: X) Shale

Y: Y) Coal

Z: Z) Lignite

Answer: W) W) Chalk

TOSS-UP math multiple_choice

A triangle has vertices (6, 7), (11, 9) and (3, 8). After undergoing a particular transformation, its corresponding new vertices are (8, 10), (13, 12) and (5, 11), respectively. What type of transformation did it undergo? W) Dilation X) Translation Y) Reflection Z) Rotation

W: W) Dilation

X: X) Translation

Y: Y) Reflection

Z: Z) Rotation

Answer: X) X) Translation

BONUS math multiple_choice

Which of the following angles cannot be trisected using only compass and straightedge? W) 45° X) 120° Y) 135° Z) No angle can be trisected

W: W) 45°

X: X) 120°

Y: Y) 135°

Z: Z) No angle can be trisected

Answer: X) X) 120°

TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

Which of the following was a top predator during the Devonian period? W) Coelecanth X) Trilobite Y) Crinoid Z) Dunkleosteus

W: W) Coelecanth

X: X) Trilobite

Y: Y) Crinoid

Z: Z) Dunkleosteus

Answer: Z) Z) Dunkleosteus

BONUS bio multiple_choice

A peptide sequence with the amino acid composition proline-glycine-glycine-tyrosine would have what percentage of aromaticity? W) 25% X) 50% Y) 75% Z) 100%

W: W) 25%

X: X) 50%

Y: Y) 75%

Z: Z) 100%

Answer: W) W) 25%

TOSS-UP phys multiple_choice

Which of the following statements is NOT part of the standard model of frictional force assumptions? W) Frictional force is independent of contact area X) Frictional force is proportional to normal force Y) Frictional coefficient is proportional to force between objects Z) Frictional force is independent of velocity

W: W) Frictional force is independent of contact area

X: X) Frictional force is proportional to normal force

Y: Y) Frictional coefficient is proportional to force between objects

Z: Z) Frictional force is independent of velocity

Answer: Y) Y) Frictional coefficient is proportional to force between objects

BONUS phys phrase

What mysterious type of matter is hypothesized to comprise over 80% of the mass of our galaxy?

Acceptable Answers:

  • DARK MATTER

TOSS-UP general multiple_choice

Which of the following is NOT a steroid? W) Cholesterol X) Triacylglycerols Y) Testosterone Z) Estradiol

W: W) Cholesterol

X: X) Triacylglycerols

Y: Y) Testosterone

Z: Z) Estradiol

Answer: X) X) Triacylglycerols

BONUS general multiple_choice

Kepler’s laws of planetary motion describe the path of two objects, one orbiting the other, as which of the following? W) Hyperbolic with the Sun at one extreme end from the object X) Spherical with the Sun at a radial distance from the object Y) A figure eight with the Sun and the object intersecting periodically Z) Elliptical with the Sun at one of the foci

W: W) Hyperbolic with the Sun at one extreme end from the object

X: X) Spherical with the Sun at a radial distance from the object

Y: Y) A figure eight with the Sun and the object intersecting periodically

Z: Z) Elliptical with the Sun at one of the foci

Answer: Z) Z) Elliptical with the Sun at one of the foci

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

What draws the charged particles from the solar wind to the polar regions of the Earth? W) Jet stream currents in Earth’s upper atmosphere X) Earth’s magnetic field Y) Earth’s electric field Z) Centrifugal force

W: W) Jet stream currents in Earth’s upper atmosphere

X: X) Earth’s magnetic field

Y: Y) Earth’s electric field

Z: Z) Centrifugal force

Answer: X) X) Earth’s magnetic field

BONUS ess multiple_choice

Which of the following Appalachian Mountain provinces is the eroded remnant of a folded mountain belt? W) Valley and Ridge belt X) Great Valley Y) Piedmont Z) Appalachian Plateau

W: W) Valley and Ridge belt

X: X) Great Valley

Y: Y) Piedmont

Z: Z) Appalachian Plateau

Answer: W) W) Valley and Ridge belt

TOSS-UP math phrase

A rectangular box has a volume of 200 cubic inches. The length of the box is 10 inches, and the height is 4 inches. What is the ratio of the width of the box to the length of the box?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 1:2
  • ½
  • 0.5

BONUS math phrase

A group of 3 boys and 3 girls are taking a photograph, standing side-by-side in a line. If they must alternate gender, how many different arrangements are possible?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 72