HS Sample Set 3, Round 1 from NSB

Questions in Packet

TOSS-UP bio phrase

Rough endoplasmic reticulum is named rough because it possesses what cellular structures?

Acceptable Answers:

  • RIBOSOMES

BONUS bio phrase

In humans, backflow of blood from ventricles into atria during contraction is prevented primarily by what structures?

Acceptable Answers:

  • VALVES

TOSS-UP chem phrase

What are the names for positive and negative ions, respectively?

Acceptable Answers:

  • CATIONS; ANIONS

BONUS chem order

Arrange the following 4 substances in order of increasing pH: orange juice; human gastric juice; blood; aqueous ammonia

Choices:

  • Orange juice
  • Human gastric juice
  • Blood
  • Aqueous ammonia

Correct Order:

  • 2
  • 1
  • 3
  • 4

TOSS-UP phys phrase

What is the scientific term for a change in velocity per unit time?

Acceptable Answers:

  • ACCELERATION

BONUS phys phrase

What is the most common term in physics for the product of mass times velocity?

Acceptable Answers:

  • MOMENTUM

TOSS-UP math phrase

What is the 5th term in the geometric progression whose first three terms are: 64, 16, 4

Acceptable Answers:

  • 1/4
  • 0.25

BONUS math phrase

Giving your answer in centimeters to the first decimal place, if one leg of an isosceles right triangle is 100 centimeters long, how long is the hypotenuse?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 141.4

TOSS-UP ess phrase

As a percentage by volume in Earth’s atmosphere, what are the two most abundant gases in Earth’s atmosphere?

Acceptable Answers:

  • NITROGEN AND OXYGEN
  • OXYGEN AND NITROGEN

BONUS ess phrase

What type of glacier flows outward from a center as opposed to down a mountain valley?

Acceptable Answers:

  • CONTINENTAL

TOSS-UP general multiple_choice

One kilogram is nearly equivalent to how many pounds: W) 454 X) 4.54 Y) 220 Z) 2.2

W: W) 454

X: X) 4.54

Y: Y) 220

Z: Z) 2.2

Answer: Z) Z) 2.2

BONUS general multiple_choice

Which of the following reagents would be labeled as highly flammable because of its low flash point: W) glycerol X) methanol Y) carbon tetrachloride Z) sulfuric acid

W: W) glycerol

X: X) methanol

Y: Y) carbon tetrachloride

Z: Z) sulfuric acid

Answer: X) X) methanol

TOSS-UP ess phrase

What is the most common term for the celestial phenomenon that causes a comet’s tail in our solar system to point away from the Sun?

Acceptable Answers:

  • THE SOLAR WIND

BONUS ess multiple_choice

Which of the following is the BEST description of our Sun: W) a cool large star similar to Proxima Centauri X) a small-sized star about 6 billion years old Y) a mid-sized yellow dwarf star Z) a large-sized red giant about 4.7 billion years old

W: W) a cool large star similar to Proxima Centauri

X: X) a small-sized star about 6 billion years old

Y: Y) a mid-sized yellow dwarf star

Z: Z) a large-sized red giant about 4.7 billion years old

Answer: Y) Y) a mid-sized yellow dwarf star

TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

Which of the following occurs in meiosis but NOT in mitosis: W) spindle apparatus attaches to kinetochores X) nuclear membrane is not visible Y) crossing over Z) chromosomes line up at central area of cell

W: W) spindle apparatus attaches to kinetochores

X: X) nuclear membrane is not visible

Y: Y) crossing over

Z: Z) chromosomes line up at central area of cell

Answer: Y) Y) crossing over

BONUS bio phrase

What is the anatomical term for the specific section of the small intestine into which the pancreatic duct delivers its digestive enzymes?

Acceptable Answers:

  • DUODENUM

TOSS-UP chem phrase

In the combustion of methane, if the supply of oxygen is somewhat insufficient, what colorless, odorless and poisonous gas is produced?

Acceptable Answers:

  • CARBON MONOXIDE
  • CO

BONUS chem phrase

Element number 19 has an isotope named potassium-40. How many neutrons does this isotope contain?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 21

TOSS-UP phys multiple_choice

The amplitude of a sound wave most closely relates to its: W) frequency X) wavelength Y) loudness Z) overtones

W: W) frequency

X: X) wavelength

Y: Y) loudness

Z: Z) overtones

Answer: Y) Y) loudness

BONUS phys phrase

What property of a sound wave most directly determines the pitch of a violin’s note?

Acceptable Answers:

  • FREQUENCY

TOSS-UP math phrase

Solve the following equation for x: –3|x| = –15

Acceptable Answers:

  • 5; –5

BONUS math phrase

One-half of a number added to one third of the same number is 68 less than the number. What is the number?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 408

TOSS-UP ess phrase

Giving your answer as north, south, east, or west, from what general direction does the jet stream flow?

Acceptable Answers:

  • WEST

BONUS ess multiple_choice

In which of the following locations would you typically expect the average salinity of surface sea water to be the HIGHEST: W) at the mouth of the Mississippi River X) in the waters above the Arctic Circle Y) in the Black Sea Z) in the Dead Sea

W: W) at the mouth of the Mississippi River

X: X) in the waters above the Arctic Circle

Y: Y) in the Black Sea

Z: Z) in the Dead Sea

Answer: Z) Z) in the Dead Sea

TOSS-UP general phrase

In the mks system, what are the 3 fundamental units?

Acceptable Answers:

  • METERS; KILOGRAMS; SECONDS

BONUS general phrase

Giving your answer in scientific notation, convert 10 square meters into square millimeters:

Acceptable Answers:

  • 1 × 10^7

DO NOT ACCEPT:

  • 10^7

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

Which of the following is NOT true: W) most of the meteorites that have been found have a high iron content X) a bolometer is used to measure the energy output of the Sun Y) the celestial coordinate analogous to latitude is called ascension Z) sunlight reflecting off the Earth is called Earthshine

W: W) most of the meteorites that have been found have a high iron content

X: X) a bolometer is used to measure the energy output of the Sun

Y: Y) the celestial coordinate analogous to latitude is called ascension

Z: Z) sunlight reflecting off the Earth is called Earthshine

Answer: Y) Y) the celestial coordinate analogous to latitude is called ascension

BONUS ess multiple_choice

Which of the following BEST describes the zenith: W) the point in the sky that is at 180 degrees of inclination to the horizon X) 90 degrees opposite to the nadir Y) the opposite position on the ecliptic to an observer Z) the point on the celestial sphere directly overhead of an observer

W: W) the point in the sky that is at 180 degrees of inclination to the horizon

X: X) 90 degrees opposite to the nadir

Y: Y) the opposite position on the ecliptic to an observer

Z: Z) the point on the celestial sphere directly overhead of an observer

Answer: Z) Z) the point on the celestial sphere directly overhead of an observer

TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

Which of the following MOST closely represents the location of the temporal bone in humans: W) above the eye X) cheek or lateral border of the eye Y) back of skull Z) top of skull

W: W) above the eye

X: X) cheek or lateral border of the eye

Y: Y) back of skull

Z: Z) top of skull

Answer: X) X) cheek or lateral border of the eye

BONUS bio phrase

What is the common name for the joint that is formed by the articulation of the tibia, the fibula, and the femur?

Acceptable Answers:

  • KNEE

TOSS-UP chem phrase

How many unpaired electrons are in a neutral bromine atom?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 1

BONUS chem multiple_choice

Which of the following is the term used to describe the resistance to flow of a liquid: W) viscosity X) surface tension Y) maleability Z) vapor pressure

W: W) viscosity

X: X) surface tension

Y: Y) maleability

Z: Z) vapor pressure

Answer: W) W) viscosity

TOSS-UP phys multiple_choice

Which of the following is the most common term for the general type of wave that results from the vibration of a physical medium: W) mechanical X) electromagnetic Y) perfect Z) pulsed

W: W) mechanical

X: X) electromagnetic

Y: Y) perfect

Z: Z) pulsed

Answer: W) W) mechanical

BONUS phys multiple_choice

Which of the following is LEAST accurate: W) alpha particles are the same as helium nuclei X) polarization of light supports the particle behavior of light Y) a photon is a particle of light Z) light slows down when it moves from a vacuum into glass

W: W) alpha particles are the same as helium nuclei

X: X) polarization of light supports the particle behavior of light

Y: Y) a photon is a particle of light

Z: Z) light slows down when it moves from a vacuum into glass

Answer: X) X) polarization of light supports the particle behavior of light

TOSS-UP math phrase

Evaluate the expression, x(y + z)^2, when x = 2, y = –8, and z = 3:

Acceptable Answers:

  • 50

BONUS math phrase

If Emily can paint a fence in 4 hours but Kathy takes 6 hours, how many hours will it take them to paint the fence if they work together?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 12/5
  • 2.4

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

Which of the following is considered the principal volcanic gas: W) carbon dioxide X) water vapor Y) sulfur dioxide Z) methane

W: W) carbon dioxide

X: X) water vapor

Y: Y) sulfur dioxide

Z: Z) methane

Answer: X) X) water vapor

BONUS ess multiple_choice

Calcite belongs to which of the following mineral groups: W) oxide X) sulfate Y) carbonate Z) calcium silicate

W: W) oxide

X: X) sulfate

Y: Y) carbonate

Z: Z) calcium silicate

Answer: Y) Y) carbonate

TOSS-UP general multiple_choice

Which of the following is NOT a fermentation product of yogurt: W) acetaldehyde X) formaldehyde Y) acetic acid Z) lactic acid

W: W) acetaldehyde

X: X) formaldehyde

Y: Y) acetic acid

Z: Z) lactic acid

Answer: X) X) formaldehyde

BONUS general phrase

Convert 1 cubic decimeter into cubic centimeters:

Acceptable Answers:

  • 1,000

TOSS-UP ess phrase

What is the Latin-derived term for the relatively smooth lunar plains that are areas of the Moon that appear dark as viewed from Earth?

Acceptable Answers:

  • MARE
  • MARIA

BONUS ess phrase

What planet has the greatest variation in temperature over a single one of its planetary days?

Acceptable Answers:

  • MERCURY

TOSS-UP bio phrase

What is typically the largest organelle of a mature plant cell and can comprise up to 80% of the cell’s volume?

Acceptable Answers:

  • CENTRAL VACUOLE
  • VACUOLE

BONUS bio phrase

What eukaryotic cell organelle primarily functions to modify, sort, and package products for exocytosis?

Acceptable Answers:

  • GOLGI
  • GOLGI APPARATUS
  • GOLGI COMPLEX
  • GOLGI STACK

TOSS-UP chem phrase

What scientific principle BEST describes why fresh pickles soaked in brine shrivel up after a period of time?

Acceptable Answers:

  • OSMOSIS

BONUS chem multiple_choice

If two solutions that are separated by a semipermeable membrane have the same osmotic pressure, they are said to be: W) isotonic X) hypotonic Y) hypertonic Z) hyperosmotic

W: W) isotonic

X: X) hypotonic

Y: Y) hypertonic

Z: Z) hyperosmotic

Answer: W) W) isotonic

TOSS-UP phys multiple_choice

A circuit with 2 different resistors wired in series will have a total resistance that is: W) equal to the sum of the two resistances X) less than either resistance Y) equal to that of the greater resistance Z) equal to that of the lesser resistance

W: W) equal to the sum of the two resistances

X: X) less than either resistance

Y: Y) equal to that of the greater resistance

Z: Z) equal to that of the lesser resistance

Answer: W) W) equal to the sum of the two resistances

BONUS phys phrase

What is the most common isotope of carbon?

Acceptable Answers:

  • CARBON-12
  • C-12
  • 12

TOSS-UP bio phrase

How many walking legs are found in arachnids?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 8

BONUS bio phrase

What is the MOST common term for the general type of nourishment characteristic of mushrooms where the organism derives its nutrients by absorbing the biological products of another organism?

Acceptable Answers:

  • SAPROPHYTIC
  • SAPROBE
  • SAPROPHAGE
  • SAPROPHYTE