HS Sample Set 8, Round 4 from NSB
Which of the following minerals is formed by evaporation? W) Amphibole X) Gypsum Y) Olivine Z) Plagioclase
W: W) Amphibole
X: X) Gypsum
Y: Y) Olivine
Z: Z) Plagioclase
Answer: X) X) Gypsum
Proxima Centauri, the closest star to the sun, is nearest which of the following distances from the sun? W) 4 light-years X) 400 light-years Y) 4 million light-years Z) 4 billion light-years
W: W) 4 light-years
X: X) 400 light-years
Y: Y) 4 million light-years
Z: Z) 4 billion light-years
Answer: W) W) 4 light-years
What is the organ, found in birds and some invertebrates, that is used to temporarily store food, but also aids in preliminary digestion? W) Liver X) Gizzard Y) Crop Z) Cloaca
W: W) Liver
X: X) Gizzard
Y: Y) Crop
Z: Z) Cloaca
Answer: Y) Y) Crop
Which of the following statements is NOT true of an r-selected species? W) The mother produces a large number of eggs that suffer heavy predation X) The mother reaches sexual maturity early in life Y) The parents provide long-term care for the offspring Z) The species is more successful in unstable environments
W: W) The mother produces a large number of eggs that suffer heavy predation
X: X) The mother reaches sexual maturity early in life
Y: Y) The parents provide long-term care for the offspring
Z: Z) The species is more successful in unstable environments
Answer: Y) Y) The parents provide long-term care for the offspring
For a car traveling at a speed of s miles per hour, the fuel consumption of the car, C(s), is measured in gallons per mile. What are the units of \(\displaystyle \int_{A}^{B} C(s)\,ds\)? W) Gallons X) Gallons per hour Y) Miles per hour per gallon Z) Gallons per mile per hour
W: W) Gallons
X: X) Gallons per hour
Y: Y) Miles per hour per gallon
Z: Z) Gallons per mile per hour
Answer: X) X) Gallons per hour
If the average of a set of 20 numbers is 15 and the average of another set of 15 numbers is 22, what is the average of all 35 numbers?
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Which of the following elements has the largest second ionization energy? W) Boron X) Oxygen Y) Sodium Z) Lithium
W: W) Boron
X: X) Oxygen
Y: Y) Sodium
Z: Z) Lithium
Answer: Z) Z) Lithium
As anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions, specifically carbon dioxide, accumulate in the atmosphere, what is anticipated to happen to ocean pH and temperature?
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Indicate, by number, all of the following three quantities that would change for a wave of light entering water from the air: 1) frequency; 2) wavelength; 3) velocity.
Choices:
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By what factor is the energy required to increase the speed of a car from rest to 10 m/s multiplied to find the energy required to increase the speed of the same car from 10 m/s to 20 m/s?
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State the oxidation number for nitrogen in the molecule magnesium nitride.
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Fats and oils contain what functional group? W) Ester X) Ether Y) Halide Z) Ketone
W: W) Ester
X: X) Ether
Y: Y) Halide
Z: Z) Ketone
Answer: W) W) Ester
The Sierra Nevada Mountains are composed primarily of granite. Considering that granite is an intrusive rock, how could it become visible at the surface of the Earth? W) Intrusive rock forms on the surface X) The granite was metamorphosed Y) The surrounding material eroded away Z) Granites undergo two-stage cooling
W: W) Intrusive rock forms on the surface
X: X) The granite was metamorphosed
Y: Y) The surrounding material eroded away
Z: Z) Granites undergo two-stage cooling
Answer: Y) Y) The surrounding material eroded away
A typical speed for a lithospheric plate is which of the following per year? W) 3 millimeters X) 3 centimeters Y) 3 meters Z) 3 kilometers
W: W) 3 millimeters
X: X) 3 centimeters
Y: Y) 3 meters
Z: Z) 3 kilometers
Answer: X) X) 3 centimeters
In the Northern Hemisphere, to minimize direct summer sunlight from entering a home through its windows, in what direction should most windows be facing? W) North X) East Y) South Z) West
W: W) North
X: X) East
Y: Y) South
Z: Z) West
Answer: W) W) North
In most climates, which of the following is a concern with heat pump hot water heater technology? W) Water temperature X) Tank size Y) Cold air exhaust Z) Energy consumption
W: W) Water temperature
X: X) Tank size
Y: Y) Cold air exhaust
Z: Z) Energy consumption
Answer: Y) Y) Cold air exhaust
Express the repeating decimal 0.131313… as a fraction.
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If \(\tfrac{1}{x^3} - \tfrac{1}{x^2} - \tfrac{1}{x} - 1 = 0\), then find the value of \(x^3 + x^2 + x + 1\).
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In electrostatics, which of the following must be true of a conductor? W) It has zero net charge X) It can only carry negative charge Y) The electric field on its surface is zero Z) The electric field inside it is zero
W: W) It has zero net charge
X: X) It can only carry negative charge
Y: Y) The electric field on its surface is zero
Z: Z) The electric field inside it is zero
Answer: Z) Z) The electric field inside it is zero
While fishing, you see a fish swimming near your boat that appears to be 1.5 meters under the surface of the water. Given that the index of refraction of water is 1.3, what is its true depth, in meters, to one significant figure?
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Which of the following is a characteristic of monocots, but NOT eudicots? W) Scattered stem vascular bundles X) Taproot Y) Flower parts in multiples of four or five Z) Netted leaf venation
W: W) Scattered stem vascular bundles
X: X) Taproot
Y: Y) Flower parts in multiples of four or five
Z: Z) Netted leaf venation
Answer: W) W) Scattered stem vascular bundles
Chlorosis in plants can be caused by a deficiency in which of the following nutrients? W) Zinc X) Phosphorous Y) Iron Z) Calcium
W: W) Zinc
X: X) Phosphorous
Y: Y) Iron
Z: Z) Calcium
Answer: Y) Y) Iron
What type of redox reaction involves the simultaneous oxidation and reduction of a single species?
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What are the bond angle, in degrees, and the molecular geometry, respectively, in the sulfate ion?
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Set W contains all positive integers that are the differences of the squares of two positive integers. What is the least element of W?
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A band releases an album with 14 songs. In how many ways can they select a different song to release as a single each month for three consecutive months?
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In order for a process to have no change in entropy, which of the following properties must it possess? W) Spontaneous X) Reversible Y) Endothermic Z) Exothermic
W: W) Spontaneous
X: X) Reversible
Y: Y) Endothermic
Z: Z) Exothermic
Answer: X) X) Reversible
Assume the speed of sound in air is 344 meters per second, and a string vibrates at 20 Hertz. To the nearest tenth of a meter, what is its wavelength?
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What is the name for the ultramafic igneous rock that is composed almost totally of olivine?
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Which of the following transport agents is generally associated with creating the most poorly sorted sediment deposits? W) Wind X) Ocean waves Y) Rivers Z) Glaciers
W: W) Wind
X: X) Ocean waves
Y: Y) Rivers
Z: Z) Glaciers
Answer: Z) Z) Glaciers
Which of the following is an insoluble base? W) Lithium hydroxide X) Potassium hydroxide Y) Magnesium hydroxide Z) Barium hydroxide
W: W) Lithium hydroxide
X: X) Potassium hydroxide
Y: Y) Magnesium hydroxide
Z: Z) Barium hydroxide
Answer: Y) Y) Magnesium hydroxide
Ammonia gas reacts with oxygen gas to form nitrogen dioxide and water. If the rate of appearance of water is 36 moles per liter per minute, then to two significant figures, what is the rate of disappearance of ammonia in moles per liter per minute?
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You perform an experiment where you isolate chromatin from sea urchin sperm cells, then partially digest with micrococcal nuclease. When you purify the DNA away from the chromatin proteins and run your DNA on a gel, you find that your DNA fragments have lengths that are multiples of 260 base pairs. What organizational element of chromatin leads to this digestion pattern?
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In which of the following populations would you expect genetic drift to show the strongest effect? W) Large island group of penguins X) Small colony of zoo penguins Y) All Emperor penguins on Antarctica Z) All penguins on Antarctica
W: W) Large island group of penguins
X: X) Small colony of zoo penguins
Y: Y) All Emperor penguins on Antarctica
Z: Z) All penguins on Antarctica
Answer: X) X) Small colony of zoo penguins
What equation of electrochemistry can be used to determine the equilibrium reduction potential based on the standard reduction potential, temperature, activity, and reaction quotient?
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Which of the following electricity generation methods has low fixed cost and high operating cost? W) Wind X) Natural gas Y) Solar Z) Hydroelectric
W: W) Wind
X: X) Natural gas
Y: Y) Solar
Z: Z) Hydroelectric
Answer: X) X) Natural gas
Divergent boundaries often have small boundaries of another sort associated with them. What kind of boundary would this be?
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What is the location of the moon at the new moon stage? W) Between the earth and the sun X) On the opposite side of the earth from the sun Y) On the opposite side of the sun from the earth Z) To the side of a line between the earth and the sun
W: W) Between the earth and the sun
X: X) On the opposite side of the earth from the sun
Y: Y) On the opposite side of the sun from the earth
Z: Z) To the side of a line between the earth and the sun
Answer: W) W) Between the earth and the sun
In the expansion of \((2x - y)^5\), what is the coefficient of the \(x^3 y^2\) term? W) –80 X) –8 Y) 8 Z) 80
W: W) –80
X: X) –8
Y: Y) 8
Z: Z) 80
Answer: Z) Z) 80
Invert the following 2×2 matrix: \(\begin{pmatrix}3 & 1\\1 & 3\end{pmatrix}\).
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Animals excrete various forms of nitrogenous wastes that are mainly the result of the catabolism of which of the following? W) Cellulose and triglycerides X) Proteins and nucleic acids Y) Glycolipids and glycerol Z) Starches and proteins
W: W) Cellulose and triglycerides
X: X) Proteins and nucleic acids
Y: Y) Glycolipids and glycerol
Z: Z) Starches and proteins
Answer: X) X) Proteins and nucleic acids
In the human body, what two hormones regulate the level of calcium in the blood?
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Which of the following correctly identifies the effect that the presence of an uncompetitive inhibitor has on a Lineweaver–Burk plot? W) Km and Vmax are raised, and the ratio Km/Vmax increases X) Km and Vmax are raised, and the ratio Km/Vmax is unchanged Y) Km and Vmax are lowered, and the ratio Km/Vmax is unchanged Z) Km and Vmax are lowered, and the ratio Km/Vmax decreases
W: W) Km and Vmax are raised, and the ratio Km/Vmax increases
X: X) Km and Vmax are raised, and the ratio Km/Vmax is unchanged
Y: Y) Km and Vmax are lowered, and the ratio Km/Vmax is unchanged
Z: Z) Km and Vmax are lowered, and the ratio Km/Vmax decreases
Answer: Y) Y) Km and Vmax are lowered, and the ratio Km/Vmax is unchanged
What is the pH of a 0.001 M solution of sodium hydroxide?
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Two point charges, Q₁ and Q₂, that have charges of +10 nC and –10 nC, respectively, are placed at two vertices of an equilateral triangle. If a third charge, Q₃, of +5 nC is placed at the third vertex, what is the potential energy associated with Q₃?
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Which of the following statements is correct regarding the phenomenon of redshift with respect to a light source? W) It occurs when a light source is moving away from the observer X) It occurs when a light source is moving towards the observer Y) It only occurs when a light source is accelerating away from the observer Z) It only occurs when a light source is accelerating towards the observer
W: W) It occurs when a light source is moving away from the observer
X: X) It occurs when a light source is moving towards the observer
Y: Y) It only occurs when a light source is accelerating away from the observer
Z: Z) It only occurs when a light source is accelerating towards the observer
Answer: W) W) It occurs when a light source is moving away from the observer