HS Sample Set 2, Round 9 from NSB
Which of the following is the unit of the product of resistance and capacitance? W) Farad X) Ohm Y) Mho Z) Second
W: W) Farad
X: X) Ohm
Y: Y) Mho
Z: Z) Second
Answer: Z) Z) Second
For photons traveling through a vacuum, a photon in the ultraviolet spectrum has which of the following characteristics, compared to a photon in the infrared spectrum? W) Longer wavelength X) Same speed Y) Lower frequency Z) Half the energy
W: W) Longer wavelength
X: X) Same speed
Y: Y) Lower frequency
Z: Z) Half the energy
Answer: X) X) Same speed
What is the term for the system of power generation in which solar energy is converted to heat that drives a steam turbine?
Acceptable Answers:
DO NOT ACCEPT:
By number, rank the following four electricity generating resources in terms of capital cost per megawatt-hour from least to greatest: 1) hydropower; 2) nuclear; 3) conventional coal; 4) natural gas.
Choices:
Correct Order:
Which of the following species does NOT have at least two equally favorable resonance structures? W) C₆H₆ X) NO₂⁻ Y) CO₂ Z) SO₂
W: W) C₆H₆
X: X) NO₂⁻
Y: Y) CO₂
Z: Z) SO₂
Answer: Y) Y) CO₂
For a given reaction, ΔH is positive and ΔS is negative. In which of the following temperature limits is the reaction spontaneous? W) Not spontaneous at any temperature X) Spontaneous at only high temperatures Y) Spontaneous at only low temperatures Z) Spontaneous at all temperatures
W: W) Not spontaneous at any temperature
X: X) Spontaneous at only high temperatures
Y: Y) Spontaneous at only low temperatures
Z: Z) Spontaneous at all temperatures
Answer: W) W) Not spontaneous at any temperature
Providing your answer in simplest form, what is $\sec\bigl(\tfrac{11\pi}{6}\bigr)$?
Acceptable Answers:
Each exterior angle of a regular polygon has a measure of 10°. What is the sum, in degrees, of the measures of the interior angles of the polygon?
Acceptable Answers:
In which of the following reservoirs in the hydrologic cycle do water molecules have the shortest residence time? W) Atmosphere X) Aquifer Y) Ocean Z) River
W: W) Atmosphere
X: X) Aquifer
Y: Y) Ocean
Z: Z) River
Answer: W) W) Atmosphere
What is the Hubble classification for disk galaxies with very little gas and poorly defined spiral arms?
Acceptable Answers:
Which fatty structure in the forehead of a toothed whale appears to focus and direct outgoing sound waves?
Acceptable Answers:
Following a stroke that affects the left cerebral hemisphere in an elderly female patient, the patient has halting speech, poor articulation, and loss of the ability to write. The patient can still read and understand speech. A PET scan would reveal damage to which of the following parts of the brain? W) Wernicke’s area X) Amygdala Y) Broca’s area Z) Thalamus
W: W) Wernicke’s area
X: X) Amygdala
Y: Y) Broca’s area
Z: Z) Thalamus
Answer: Y) Y) Broca’s area
When a clay pigeon breaks into pieces after being shot, which of the following can be said about the shape of the trajectories of these pieces of clay? W) They are always elliptical X) They are always parabolic Y) They are always hyperbolic Z) They may be any of elliptical, parabolic, or hyperbolic depending on the speed of the components
W: W) They are always elliptical
X: X) They are always parabolic
Y: Y) They are always hyperbolic
Z: Z) They may be any of elliptical, parabolic, or hyperbolic depending on the speed of the components
Answer: X) X) They are always parabolic
A 1000 kg car moving at 6 m/s collides perfectly inelastically with a 2000 kg truck at rest. What is the change in kinetic energy, in joules, during this collision?
Acceptable Answers:
Which of the following substances would you expect to have the highest molar entropy at standard conditions? W) Argon gas X) Butane gas Y) Sulfur dioxide gas Z) Gaseous water
W: W) Argon gas
X: X) Butane gas
Y: Y) Sulfur dioxide gas
Z: Z) Gaseous water
Answer: X) X) Butane gas
According to the VSEPR model, what is the molecular geometry of xenon tetrafluoride?
Acceptable Answers:
Express the following in simplest form, with variables raised only to positive powers: $$ (4x^5y^{-3})^{-2} $$.
Acceptable Answers:
A regular decagon with a perimeter of 40 units has an area of $40k$ square units. Find its apothem.
Acceptable Answers:
Which of the following contains most of the angular momentum about the Sun in the solar system? W) Jupiter X) The Kuiper belt Y) The Sun Z) Neptune
W: W) Jupiter
X: X) The Kuiper belt
Y: Y) The Sun
Z: Z) Neptune
Answer: W) W) Jupiter
What is the name of the classification system used to rate a hurricane’s intensity?
Acceptable Answers:
Elevated levels of AST and ALT, which are transaminases, often indicate there is a problem with which of the following organs? W) Liver X) Pancreas Y) Kidneys Z) Heart
W: W) Liver
X: X) Pancreas
Y: Y) Kidneys
Z: Z) Heart
Answer: W) W) Liver
Identify all of the following four digestive enzymes that are produced by the human pancreas: 1) carboxypeptidase; 2) lactase; 3) chymotrypsin; 4) amylase.
Choices:
Correct Answers:
A mass of hot copper with heat capacity 2.0 J/K is dropped into the same volume of water and loses 80 J of thermal energy. The final temperature of the copper is 295 K. What was its initial temperature in Kelvin?
Acceptable Answers:
Which of the following tends to crystallize in a simple cubic unit cell? W) Polonium X) Copper Y) Aluminum Z) Iron
W: W) Polonium
X: X) Copper
Y: Y) Aluminum
Z: Z) Iron
Answer: W) W) Polonium
A 10 kg box is moving at 5 m/s on a level surface. If the coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.1 and $g=9.8\,$m/s², which of the following is the frictional force in newtons that acts on the box? W) 1.0 X) 2.0 Y) 9.8 Z) 19.6
W: W) 1.0
X: X) 2.0
Y: Y) 9.8
Z: Z) 19.6
Answer: Y) Y) 9.8
Three 300-μF capacitors are connected in series to a 12 V battery. What is the energy stored in one of these capacitors, in μJ, after the circuit has reached steady state?
Acceptable Answers:
An air compressor is about 20% efficient in converting electricity to compressed air. Where does the majority of the remaining 80% of the electricity go? W) It doesn’t go anywhere, it stays in the motor X) It turns into thermal energy Y) It turns into sound Z) It turns into vibration
W: W) It doesn’t go anywhere, it stays in the motor
X: X) It turns into thermal energy
Y: Y) It turns into sound
Z: Z) It turns into vibration
Answer: X) X) It turns into thermal energy
As more zero variable cost generators are added to an electric power market, how would you expect the average cost of power in the entire market to change? W) It would increase X) It would decrease Y) There would be no change Z) It would fluctuate
W: W) It would increase
X: X) It would decrease
Y: Y) There would be no change
Z: Z) It would fluctuate
Answer: X) X) It would decrease
Free radical polymerization can be initiated in several different ways. Peroxides and azo compounds frequently act as which of the following types of initiator? W) Thermal X) Photochemical Y) Ionizing Z) Redox
W: W) Thermal
X: X) Photochemical
Y: Y) Ionizing
Z: Z) Redox
Answer: W) W) Thermal
A buffer solution is 0.05 M in lactic acid and 0.5 M in sodium lactate. If the pKa of lactic acid is 3.85, what is the pH of this solution?
Acceptable Answers:
Providing your answer in simplest form, what is the cotangent of $x$, if $\cos x<0$, $\sin x>0$, and $x$ has reference angle $\frac{\pi}{6}$?
Acceptable Answers:
Which of the following represents the solution in degrees of the equation $4\sin^2 x = 1$ in the open interval from 0° to 180°? W) 30° X) 30°, 60° Y) 30°, 150° Z) 60°, 120°
W: W) 30°
X: X) 30°, 60°
Y: Y) 30°, 150°
Z: Z) 60°, 120°
Answer: Y) Y) 30°, 150°
Photographs taken by ground cameras and NASA’s polar satellite show magnetic field lines connecting Earth’s upper atmosphere directly to the Sun. Scientists believe solar wind particles flow along these lines, providing energy for which of the following phenomena to occur? W) Halo effect X) Rainbow Y) Auroral light Z) Solar flare
W: W) Halo effect
X: X) Rainbow
Y: Y) Auroral light
Z: Z) Solar flare
Answer: Y) Y) Auroral light
What is the polymorph of graphite that is formed in Earth’s mantle?
Acceptable Answers:
What phylum within the animal kingdom is characterized by having no symmetry and no true tissues?
Acceptable Answers:
What is the name of the gland in insects that produces juvenile hormone?
Acceptable Answers:
A mass is suspended from the ceiling by two ropes. Rope 1 makes a larger angle with the horizontal than Rope 2 does. Which of the following statements is true about the tension in the ropes? W) The tensions in the ropes are equal X) The tension in Rope 1 is greater than the tension in Rope 2 Y) The tension in Rope 2 is greater than the tension in Rope 1 Z) The tension in Rope 2 is zero
W: W) The tensions in the ropes are equal
X: X) The tension in Rope 1 is greater than the tension in Rope 2
Y: Y) The tension in Rope 2 is greater than the tension in Rope 1
Z: Z) The tension in Rope 2 is zero
Answer: X) X) The tension in Rope 1 is greater than the tension in Rope 2
A 5 μC charge is uniformly distributed in a 1 m–diameter sphere. Given that the Coulomb constant is $9\times10^9\,$N·m²/C², what is the electric field at a radius of 0.25 m from the center of the sphere?
Acceptable Answers:
Which of the following produces wind energy? W) The Earth’s rotation X) Uneven heating of the Earth’s surface Y) Movement of the tectonic plates Z) The Moon’s gravitational pull
W: W) The Earth’s rotation
X: X) Uneven heating of the Earth’s surface
Y: Y) Movement of the tectonic plates
Z: Z) The Moon’s gravitational pull
Answer: X) X) Uneven heating of the Earth’s surface
Assuming similar wind velocity and turbine swept area, of the following places, where would you anticipate the largest power output from a wind turbine? W) Denver X) Nebraska Y) Rhode Island Z) West Texas
W: W) Denver
X: X) Nebraska
Y: Y) Rhode Island
Z: Z) West Texas
Answer: Y) Y) Rhode Island
What is the term for the unique, chitinous, tooth-like feeding structure found in many mollusks?
Acceptable Answers:
Identify all of the following four parts of the human body in which you would find simple cuboidal epithelium: 1) thyroid gland; 2) bronchioles; 3) kidney; 4) lining of arteries.
Choices:
Correct Answers:
Which of the following compounds is insoluble in water? W) Potassium acetate X) Aluminum sulfide Y) Lithium carbonate Z) Magnesium bromide
W: W) Potassium acetate
X: X) Aluminum sulfide
Y: Y) Lithium carbonate
Z: Z) Magnesium bromide
Answer: X) X) Aluminum sulfide
Place the following four molecules in order from lowest to highest entropy of vaporization: 1) hydrogen chloride; 2) ammonia; 3) water; 4) hydrogen fluoride.
Choices:
Correct Order:
Which of the following represents an equivalent value for $\log_{10}\sqrt{1000}$? W) $10^{\tfrac{3}{2}}$ X) $10^{\tfrac{2}{3}}$ Y) $\tfrac{3}{2}$ Z) $\tfrac{2}{3}$
W: W) $10^{\tfrac{3}{2}}$
X: X) $10^{\tfrac{2}{3}}$
Y: Y) $\tfrac{3}{2}$
Z: Z) $\tfrac{2}{3}$
Answer: Y) Y) $\tfrac{3}{2}$
Which of the following represents a simplified form of $$\sin x + \frac{\cos^2 x}{\sin x}\;?$$ W) $\csc x$ X) $\sec x$ Y) $\cos^2 x$ Z) $1$
W: W) $\csc x$
X: X) $\sec x$
Y: Y) $\cos^2 x$
Z: Z) $1$
Answer: W) W) $\csc x$
Patterns of paleomagnetism along seafloor spreading centers support plate tectonic theory and are based on what process that occurs, on average, every 200,000 to 250,000 years?
Acceptable Answers:
Which of the following best approximates the percentage of solar-type binary stellar systems? W) 0.1% X) 1% Y) 10% Z) 50%
W: W) 0.1%
X: X) 1%
Y: Y) 10%
Z: Z) 50%
Answer: Z) Z) 50%
Which of the following animals uses a vomeronasal organ? W) Crocodile X) Garter snake Y) Toad Z) House fly
W: W) Crocodile
X: X) Garter snake
Y: Y) Toad
Z: Z) House fly
Answer: X) X) Garter snake
Name all of the following four amino acids that would have a net positive charge in Tris–glycine buffer at pH 8.6: 1) glycine; 2) alanine; 3) lysine; 4) arginine.
Choices:
Correct Answers: