HS Sample Set 15, Round 4 from NSB
Scientists at Pacific Northwest National Lab are exploring gene therapy to improve drug delivery while minimizing toxic side effects. Which of the following is LEAST likely to be effectively treated with gene therapy? W) Tuberculosis X) Cystic fibrosis Y) Sickle cell anemia Z) Hemophilia A
W: W) Tuberculosis
X: X) Cystic fibrosis
Y: Y) Sickle cell anemia
Z: Z) Hemophilia A
Answer: W) W) Tuberculosis
Scientists at the Joint Genome Institute are studying the basidiomycete [bah-sid-ee-oh-MY-seet] that causes dry rot. To which of the following organisms is it most related? W) Aspergillus [ASS-pur-JIL-us] X) Saccharomyces [SACK-uh-ro-MY-sees] Y) Amanita [am-ah-NEE-tah] Z) Candida [kan-DEE-dah]
W: W) Aspergillus [ASS-pur-JIL-us]
X: X) Saccharomyces [SACK-uh-ro-MY-sees]
Y: Y) Amanita [am-ah-NEE-tah]
Z: Z) Candida [kan-DEE-dah]
Answer: Y) Y) Amanita [am-ah-NEE-tah]
Lake-effect snow in the Great Lakes region is usually caused by the movement of which of the following air masses across the water? W) Continental Polar X) Continental Tropical Y) Maritime Polar Z) Maritime Tropical
W: W) Continental Polar
X: X) Continental Tropical
Y: Y) Maritime Polar
Z: Z) Maritime Tropical
Answer: W) W) Continental Polar
What is the smallest angle, in degrees, between the strike and dip direction of a rock layer?
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As x approaches 2, the limit of f(x) is 8, the limit of g(x) is 4, and the limit of h(x) is 5. What is the limit as x approaches 2 of the function f – g·h?
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Simplify the following expression involving the complex number i: 3i + 5i² + 7i³ + 9i⁴
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Carbonic anhydrase is an important enzyme in the blood for converting carbonic acid into carbon dioxide and what other compound?
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Identify all of the following three forms of symbiosis in which at least one species in the interaction benefits: 1) Parasitism; 2) Commensalism; 3) Mutualism.
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Which of the following sets of elements are commonly referred to as d block elements? W) Actinides and lanthanides X) Transition metals Y) Alkaline metals Z) Nonmetals
W: W) Actinides and lanthanides
X: X) Transition metals
Y: Y) Alkaline metals
Z: Z) Nonmetals
Answer: X) X) Transition metals
Identify all of the following three changes that would necessarily increase the rate of a one-step reaction occurring between two solutes reacting in an aqueous solution: 1) Increasing the temperature; 2) Increasing the concentration of the reactants; 3) Increasing the amount of solvent in the system.
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Rishi tosses a 100-gram ball upward with an initial speed of 12 meters per second. In joules, what is its initial kinetic energy?
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In meters, what is the wavelength of a 100-megahertz radio wave traveling through a vacuum?
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Scientists at Lawrence Livermore National Lab are exploring how to 3D-print mechanical logic gates. What logic gate has the following behavior: 0,0→1; 0,1→1; 1,0→1; 1,1→0? W) AND X) OR Y) NAND Z) XOR
W: W) AND
X: X) OR
Y: Y) NAND
Z: Z) XOR
Answer: Y) Y) NAND
Scientists at Lawrence Berkeley National Lab are developing nanomaterials that bind to lectins. Which of the following is an example of a lectin? W) Neuraminidase X) Ricin Y) Atropine Z) Substance P
W: W) Neuraminidase
X: X) Ricin
Y: Y) Atropine
Z: Z) Substance P
Answer: X) X) Ricin
What is the escape velocity at the event horizon of a Schwarzschild black hole?
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Sulfuric acid in Venus's atmosphere is formed by the combination of sulfur trioxide and what other molecule?
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What quantum number of an electron in an atom indicates the energy of the atomic orbital?
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Consider the balanced chemical equation describing the reaction between sodium hydroxide and calcium bromide. Assuming smallest integer coefficients, what is the sum of the coefficients in this reaction?
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To what taxonomic class do snails and slugs belong?
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Identify all of the following three traits that scientists believe H. erectus possessed: 1) Lived in social groups; 2) Used tools; 3) Walked upright.
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A college class contains 15 freshmen, 25 sophomores, and 12 juniors. One student’s phone rings during class. What is the probability that the ringing phone belongs to a junior?
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Find the equations of all vertical and all horizontal asymptotes for the graph of y = (12x² – 5x + 4)/(9x² – 16).
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For an observer in a non-inertial rotating reference frame, two fictitious forces must be added to treat motion as if it is inertial. What fictitious force accounts for the tendency of objects to travel away from the axis of rotation?
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You press down with a 20-newton force on top of a 5-kilogram box that is resting on a table. In newtons, what is the normal force that the table exerts on the box?
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Scientists at Lawrence Berkeley National Lab are studying SARS, which is a disease caused by which of the following types of pathogens? W) A virus X) A bacterium Y) A protist Z) A fungus
W: W) A virus
X: X) A bacterium
Y: Y) A protist
Z: Z) A fungus
Answer: W) W) A virus
Researchers at Oak Ridge National Lab are developing methods to reduce quantum noise in physical measurements by squeezing all of the error into a conjugate variable. What principle does this strategy exploit?
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On average, which of the following countries’ lithospheres is the youngest? W) Iceland X) Greenland Y) Canada Z) Australia
W: W) Iceland
X: X) Greenland
Y: Y) Canada
Z: Z) Australia
Answer: W) W) Iceland
Identify all of the following three radioisotopes that can be used to date materials older than 1 billion years: 1) Potassium-40; 2) Carbon-14; 3) Uranium-238.
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Cedric subjects a block to forces of various magnitudes and measures the resulting acceleration. If he graphs force (y-axis) vs. acceleration (x-axis), what physical quantity corresponds to the slope?
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Vince is in a spaceship two light-minutes from Kevin’s ship. They wish to synchronize clocks: Vince resets his to noon and emits a flash; Kevin, upon seeing it, sets his clock to 12:02. When Vince later sees his own clock read 12:30, what time will he see on Kevin’s clock?
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If a protein’s environment is sufficiently altered, it can change shape or unfold entirely. What is the term for this process?
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The scarlet kingsnake has coloration similar to the coral snake but is not venomous. What is the term for this type of mimicry [MIH-mik-kree]?
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The least-squares regression line of a trade data set is y = 1.7x + 6.3, where x is boxes shipped and y is shipping time in minutes. What is the fixed shipping time before any boxes are shipped?
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A right triangle has hypotenuse of length 63 and one leg of length 61. What is the length of the third side?
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Which of the following assumptions is not valid under the kinetic theory of gases? W) Gas molecules are dilute X) Molecules move randomly Y) Molecules move with the same speed at a given temperature Z) Outside of collisions, molecules do not exert forces on each other
W: W) Gas molecules are dilute
X: X) Molecules move randomly
Y: Y) Molecules move with the same speed at a given temperature
Z: Z) Outside of collisions, molecules do not exert forces on each other
Answer: Y) Y) Molecules move with the same speed at a given temperature
According to Charles’ law, to what temperature, in °C, should you bring a sample of gas, initially at –123 °C, to double its volume?
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During the totality of a total solar eclipse, what is the only part of the Sun that is visible?
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When the Sun evolves from its current state to a red giant, which direction will it move on an H-R diagram? W) Down and to the right X) Down and to the left Y) Up and to the left Z) Up and to the right
W: W) Down and to the right
X: X) Down and to the left
Y: Y) Up and to the left
Z: Z) Up and to the right
Answer: Z) Z) Up and to the right
If the distance between two bodies is tripled, by what factor is the absolute gravitational potential energy between them multiplied?
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Two satellites are in circular orbit about Earth. If the ratio of their orbital speeds is 2, then the radius of the faster satellite's orbit is how many times that of the slower one?
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What is the slope of the line that passes through the points (7, 2) and (4, 3)?
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What is the area between the curves y = x⁴ and y = 3x² + 4 from x = 0 to x = 2?
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How many covalent bonds can be found in ammonia?
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Identify all of the following three types of data that are quantitative data: 1) The odor of a sample; 2) The volume of a sample; 3) The shape of a sample.
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What is the term for the tubular structures that comprise the bodies of multicellular fungi?
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Prostaglandins [praw-stah-glan-dins] are best classified as which of the following macromolecules? W) Lipids X) Carbohydrates Y) Nucleic acids Z) Proteins
W: W) Lipids
X: X) Carbohydrates
Y: Y) Nucleic acids
Z: Z) Proteins
Answer: W) W) Lipids